[转贴]蝶泳
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 28.1pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; tab-stops: 301.05pt 365.2pt" align=left><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">蝶泳<SPAN lang=EN-US><?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></B></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 28pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; tab-stops: 301.05pt 365.2pt" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">蝶泳技术是在蛙泳技术动作基础上演变而来的。当蛙泳技术发展到第二阶段时,也就是<SPAN lang=EN-US>1937-1952</SPAN>年这一时期,在游泳比赛中,有些运动员采用两臂划水到大腿后提出水面,再从空中迁移的技术,从外形看,好像蝴蝶展翅飞舞,所以人们称它为“蝶泳”。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 28pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; tab-stops: 301.05pt 365.2pt" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">1953</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">年,国际泳联规定,蛙泳和蝶泳分开进行比赛,使蝶泳成为独立的比赛项目,从而得到了很好的发展。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 28pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; tab-stops: 301.05pt 365.2pt" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">蝶泳技术是仅仅比爬泳技术慢的泳姿。由于它的腿部动作酷似海豚,所以又称为“海豚泳”。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 28.1pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; tab-stops: 301.05pt 365.2pt" align=left><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">1</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">、蝶泳的身体姿势<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></B></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 28pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; tab-stops: 301.05pt 365.2pt" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">蝶泳的身体姿势与其它泳姿不同,它没有固定的身体位置。在游进中躯干各部分和头不断改变彼此间的相对位置。头和躯干有时露出水面、有时潜入水中,形成波浪形式上下起伏的变化位置。 <SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 28pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; tab-stops: 301.05pt 365.2pt" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">蝶泳在游进中,是以横轴(腰际)为中心,躯干和腿做有节奏的摆动,发力点在腰腹部。然后以大腿带动小腿,两腿一起做上下的鞭状打水动作。而这些动作与头和臂部的动作紧密联系在一起,形成蝶泳所特有的波浪动作,因此前进时身体的阻力较小。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 28.1pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; tab-stops: 301.05pt 365.2pt" align=left><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体">2</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体">、蝶泳腿部动作<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></B></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 28pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; tab-stops: 301.05pt 365.2pt" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体">蝶泳打水时,两腿自然并拢,脚跟稍微分开成“内八字”,当两腿在前一划水周期向下打水结束后,两脚处于最低点,膝关节伸直,臀部上抬至水面,髋关节屈成约<SPAN lang=EN-US>160</SPAN>度。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 28pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; tab-stops: 301.05pt 365.2pt" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体">然后两腿伸直向上移动,髋关节逐渐展开,臀部下沉。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 28pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; tab-stops: 301.05pt 365.2pt" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体">当两腿继续向上时,大腿开始下压,膝关节随大腿下压,动作自然弯曲,大腿继续加速向下。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 28pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; tab-stops: 301.05pt 365.2pt" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体">随着屈膝程度的增加,脚抬至接近水面时,臀部下降到最低点,膝关节弯曲成约<SPAN lang=EN-US>110-130</SPAN>度角时,脚向上抬至最高点,并准确向下后方打水。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 28pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; tab-stops: 301.05pt 365.2pt" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体">当脚向下打水时,踝关节放松,脚面绷直,然后和小腿随大腿加速向后下方推水。双脚继续加速向下后方打水,动作尚未结束时,大腿又开始向上移动,当膝关节完全伸直时,向下打水的动作即结束。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 28pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; tab-stops: 301.05pt 365.2pt" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体">蝶泳腿的打水动作是由腰部发力,经过髋、膝、踝关节并与躯干、脊柱动作相协调一致配合完成的。脚的运动方向是向下和向后,其向下的幅度大于向后的幅度。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 28pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; tab-stops: 301.05pt 365.2pt" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体">腿向上抬起时,膝关节必须伸直,如果稍有弯曲,小腿的背面将产生很大的阻力。此外,向上抬腿时,不要过于用力,以便减少阻力。打腿的重点应放在向下打水动作上,腿向下打水的速度应比向上抬腿快约两倍多。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 28.1pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; tab-stops: 301.05pt 365.2pt" align=left><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体">蝶泳腿部的教学步骤<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></B></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 28pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; tab-stops: 301.05pt 365.2pt" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体">陆上两脚并立,两臂上举,躯干与腰腹前后摆动模仿练习。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 28pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; tab-stops: 301.05pt 365.2pt" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体">水中漂浮做蝶泳打腿练习。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 28pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; tab-stops: 301.05pt 365.2pt" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体">扶板漂浮做蝶泳打腿练习。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 28.1pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; tab-stops: 301.05pt 365.2pt" align=left><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体">易犯错误与纠正方法:<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></B></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 28pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; tab-stops: 301.05pt 365.2pt" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体">不会用腰部发力,多做陆上躯干与腿部动作模仿练习,体会腰部发力要领。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 28pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; tab-stops: 301.05pt 365.2pt" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体">打腿时屈膝过大,强调大腿带动小腿鞭状式(波浪打腿)。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 28.1pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; tab-stops: 301.05pt 365.2pt" align=left><SPAN class=word1><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体">3</SPAN></B></SPAN><SPAN class=word1><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体">、蝶泳手臂技术<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></B></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 28pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; tab-stops: 301.05pt 365.2pt" align=left><SPAN class=word1><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体">蝶泳臂的划水动作是产生推进力的主要因素,并且相对其它姿势来说其推动力是最大的。蝶泳臂的划水是两臂在头前入水,同时沿身体两侧做曲线划水。</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 28pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; tab-stops: 301.05pt 365.2pt" align=left><SPAN class=word1><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体">它的技术环节分为:入水、抱水、划水、推水和空中移臂等几个阶段。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 28.1pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; tab-stops: 8.3pt" align=left><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">入水<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></B></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 28pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; tab-stops: 301.05pt 365.2pt" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">蝶泳臂入水点基本上在肩的延长线上,两臂同时入水。入水时肘稍屈并略高于小臂,手掌领先,并约与水面成<SPAN lang=EN-US>45</SPAN>度角,然后带动小臂和大臂依次入水。入水阶段,由于前臂外侧旋转动作,掌心由向外侧积极转向外侧后。<SPAN lang=EN-US> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 28.1pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; tab-stops: 8.3pt" align=left><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">抱水<SPAN lang=EN-US> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></B></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 28pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; tab-stops: 301.05pt 365.2pt" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">臂入水后,手和前臂继续外旋,进入抱水阶段。抱水时,手的运动方向为向外<SPAN lang=EN-US>--</SPAN>向后<SPAN lang=EN-US>--</SPAN>向下。随着前臂的外旋,掌心由向外侧后转为向后方向,接着进入划水阶段。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 28.1pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; tab-stops: 8.3pt" align=left><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">划水<SPAN lang=EN-US> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></B></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 28pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; tab-stops: 301.05pt 365.2pt" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">在臂进入划水阶段时,前臂和手掌是划水的主要对水面。屈肘,使肘部保持较高的位置。前臂外旋动作和逐步加大屈臂的动作是同时进行的,当两臂划至肩下方时,小臂和大臂的角度约成<SPAN lang=EN-US>90-100</SPAN>度,当两手划至腹下时,两手距离最近(几乎碰到一起),然后转入推水动作。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 28.1pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; tab-stops: 8.3pt" align=left><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">推水<SPAN lang=EN-US> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></B></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 28pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; tab-stops: 301.05pt 365.2pt" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">当两手距离最近时,双手做弧形向外推水的动作。手的运动方向为向外<SPAN lang=EN-US>--</SPAN>向上<SPAN lang=EN-US>--</SPAN>向后的方向。推水的前半部,手有较大的向后运动的份量,推水路线较直;推水的后半部,手有较大的向外、向上的运动份量。推水时,由于小臂的内旋,掌心由划水的向后转为向外侧后方。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 28pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; tab-stops: 301.05pt 365.2pt" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">划水和推水,手掌的运动路线有三种,这要根据个人不同的身体条件而定,一般较高水平的运动员都采用第一种和第二种。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 28.1pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; tab-stops: 8.3pt" align=left><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">出水<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></B></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 28pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; tab-stops: 301.05pt 365.2pt" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">当两臂推水至髋关节两侧时,利用推水的惯性,提肘出水。提肘出水动作是在推水结束前即已开始。在两臂推水尚未结束时,两肘已开始做向上提起的动作,这时掌心向外后侧。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 28.1pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; tab-stops: 8.3pt" align=left><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">空中移臂<SPAN lang=EN-US> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></B></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 28pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; tab-stops: 301.05pt 365.2pt" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">当推水结束提肘出水后,两臂即由空中前移,开始移臂时肘关节微屈,手掌向上,肘先于手出水,两臂放松内旋,沿身体两侧低平的抛物线前摆。开始移臂时稍用力,利用臂的离心力向前摆出。移臂时速度要快,否则会造成身体下沉。<SPAN lang=EN-US> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 28.1pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; tab-stops: 301.05pt 365.2pt" align=left><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">蝶泳腿部的教学步骤<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></B></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 28pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; tab-stops: 301.05pt 365.2pt" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">陆上站立,做蝶泳手臂的模仿练习。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 28pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; tab-stops: 301.05pt 365.2pt" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">站在浅水处,上体前倾,做蝶泳手臂的模仿练习。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 28pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; tab-stops: 301.05pt 365.2pt" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">憋气漂浮做蝶泳划臂练习。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 28pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; tab-stops: 301.05pt 365.2pt" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">漂浮时,憋气打蝶泳腿做蝶泳划臂练习。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 28.1pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; tab-stops: 301.05pt 365.2pt" align=left><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体">易犯错误与纠正方法:<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></B></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 28pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; tab-stops: 301.05pt 365.2pt" align=left><SPAN class=word1><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体">直臂划水,强调高肘屈臂划水技术。</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 28pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; tab-stops: 301.05pt 365.2pt" align=left><SPAN class=word1><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体">空中移臂时肘太低,手从水面上擦过,强调肩带动臂,肘要离水向前移动。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 28.1pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; tab-stops: 301.05pt 365.2pt" align=left><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">4</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">、臂和呼吸的配合动作<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></B></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 28pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; tab-stops: 301.05pt 365.2pt" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">蝶泳的呼吸是借助于两臂划水后的推水动作,同时需手臂后部肌肉大幅度伸展,使头抬至口露出水面时吸气。吸气的速度要快,头必须在臂入水前回到原来的位置,慢呼气或者稍憋气后呼气。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 28pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; tab-stops: 301.05pt 365.2pt" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">蝶泳的呼吸一般是一次划水一次呼吸,但是为了加快游进的速度,也可采用两次以上的划水动作之后,再做一次呼吸的技术。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 28.1pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; tab-stops: 301.05pt 365.2pt" align=left><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">5</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">、臂腿呼吸的配合(即完整的配合动作)<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></B></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 28pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; tab-stops: 301.05pt 365.2pt" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">蝶泳臂、腿、呼吸的配合比例一般为<SPAN lang=EN-US>1</SPAN>:<SPAN lang=EN-US>2</SPAN>:<SPAN lang=EN-US>1</SPAN>,即一次手臂动作,两次腿的动作,呼吸一次。当然在某些情况下,也有做<SPAN lang=EN-US>N</SPAN>次(<SPAN lang=EN-US>N>1</SPAN>)臂、腿配合再做一次呼吸的技术。两次打腿的力量一般是第一次轻,第二次重,要有所区别。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 28pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; tab-stops: 301.05pt 365.2pt" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">完整的配合技术是两臂入水时做第一次向下打腿;臂抱水时腿向上;当两臂划至腹部下部时,开始做第二次向下打水的动作,并且抬头吸气。推水结束时打腿也结束。移臂时腿又向上准备做下一周期的打腿动作。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 28.1pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; tab-stops: 301.05pt 365.2pt" align=left><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">蝶泳腿、臂及呼吸配合的教学步骤:<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></B></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 28pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; tab-stops: 301.05pt 365.2pt" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">陆上站立,做躯干与腿部、腰部发力、打腿、划臂、呼吸配合,蝶泳腿、臂、呼吸配合的结构比例是:<SPAN lang=EN-US>2</SPAN>:<SPAN lang=EN-US>1</SPAN>:<SPAN lang=EN-US>1</SPAN>即两次打腿,一次划臂和一次呼吸。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 28pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; tab-stops: 301.05pt 365.2pt" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">水中做多次打腿,划一次臂配合呼吸练习。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 28pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; tab-stops: 301.05pt 365.2pt" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">站立池边,借用蹬池壁力量做双臂划水及腿的配合动作。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 28pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; tab-stops: 301.05pt 365.2pt" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">水中做两次打腿,一次划臂,一次呼吸练习。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 28.1pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; tab-stops: 301.05pt 365.2pt" align=left><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">易犯错误与纠正方法:<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></B></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 28pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; tab-stops: 301.05pt 365.2pt" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体">配合不好,上下脱节,对两次腿一次手的理解不清楚。强调两臂入水时打一次腿,向后推水时打第二次腿。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">换气时抬头过高,有塌腰现象,造成两头翘不前进。强调身体放平做动作,唤气时手臂划水略把身体带起来。</SPAN> 谢谢楼主!学用结合! <FONT face=华文行楷 color=#f70968 size=7>蝶泳我很喜欢,也学会了。一气能游200多下是在南湖,在泳池也就来回吧。四个泳姿都会,不过质量少差一点。</FONT> <BR><IMG src="/attachments/Upfiles/2008416152049307.jpg"><BR><BR> <FONT color=#d52b91 size=6>谢谢!学习了,四种姿势也会,但速度一般,体力有限。</FONT> <FONT size=5>收藏了!</FONT> <STRONG><FONT face=华文行楷 color=#ff0033 size=6>目前我最痴迷的泳姿就是蝶泳!雪中送炭,谢谢!</FONT></STRONG> 慢慢学! 谢谢!一切对我来讲都是新的,我会好好琢磨的. 认真学,谢谢。
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