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2008-11-02 01:02:11 来自: lightpie(上次登录还是1.5年前.....)
0 ^ q1 M5 a8 G P8 L. \比尔·盖茨在哈佛大学毕业典礼上的演讲
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& \. ~* o& S8 J; s+ p6 J2007年6月7日
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$ o0 H9 K/ A4 |1 @! r阮一峰 译 9 J+ S4 K/ N) W4 X
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" e, `- ?# i1 [2 Y1 mPresident Bok, former President Rudenstine, incoming President Faust, members
8 j0 D" g) m' N4 M/ Mof the Harvard Corporation and the Board of Overseers, members of the faculty, ! r v( y/ |8 Z6 P+ q+ H& a2 z; Q7 S
parents, and especially, the graduates:
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6 U) o* I& P- g! X尊敬的Bok校长,Rudenstine前校长,即将上任的Faust校长,哈佛集团的各位成员,监管
! ?2 K/ J) O; _/ f- Y理事会的各位理事,各位老师,各位家长,各位同学:
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I've been waiting more than 30 years to say this: "Dad, I always told you I'd - @. z, `% O8 i8 C: h3 @% F
come back and get my degree." / s0 I3 _ a2 |9 u$ O* K
6 ^2 w' h5 W: f- h4 U, {# ~. Q# ?, ^有一句话我等了三十年,现在终于可以说了:“老爸,我总是跟你说,我会回来拿到我的
! U6 Z+ A& v' b& r学位的!” . x9 q8 q" l7 d, j
! p- ?* [: u! i$ u0 o" TI want to thank Harvard for this timely honor. I'll be changing my job next ye 1 ]# K5 O' H) ]: Y
ar … and it will be nice to finally have a college degree on my resume. 6 [: Z/ L, a1 f r4 E. d8 N
H) O+ Q* {. N6 c我要感谢哈佛大学在这个时候给我这个荣誉。明年,我就要换工作了(注:指从微软公司
- l' N& c- x+ C: f, j退休)……我终于可以在简历上写我有一个本科学位,这真是不错啊。
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I applaud the graduates today for taking a much more direct route to your degr 2 F) Q% y3 a& M; d4 W9 v9 A
ees. For my part, I'm just happy that the Crimson has called me "Harvard's mos . p) d# ? M$ h1 F6 ^
t successful dropout." I guess that makes me valedictorian of my own special c
$ J, {* R/ Z& j `& @lass … I did the best of everyone who failed.
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. \+ }2 K0 c/ u/ c我为今天在座的各位同学感到高兴,你们拿到学位可比我简单多了。哈佛的校报称我是“
1 I7 F+ i+ j# @ ^3 f' X哈佛大学历史上最成功的辍学生”。我想这大概使我有资格代表我这一类学生发言……在 + R1 s/ t' d0 a2 `9 Q6 i; g
所有的失败者里,我做得最好。 ( |) o) V k5 x0 I4 a
' ^+ T& B' _4 l: n2 @, x% CBut I also want to be recognized as the guy who got Steve Ballmer to drop out
% ]& h- z2 l4 G8 k6 l. N2 J, Qof business school. I'm a bad influence. That's why I was invited to speak at
; F% N9 n( ?9 F% E* lyour graduation. If I had spoken at your orientation, fewer of you might be he 0 i* n9 z3 L0 Q) B" V; h
re today.
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& n; D9 E! n: n+ n但是,我还要提醒大家,我使得Steve Ballmer(注:微软总经理)也从哈佛商学院退学了 9 T4 Y5 D' x8 q6 G% Q) q
。因此,我是个有着恶劣影响力的人。这就是为什么我被邀请来在你们的毕业典礼上演讲 2 i1 W8 `- _' S& R: ?/ Y, w: Z( H
。如果我在你们入学欢迎仪式上演讲,那么能够坚持到今天在这里毕业的人也许会少得多
) J; \% |* A8 d2 z2 I: {吧。
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Harvard was just a phenomenal experience for me. Academic life was fascinating & J$ i L* _# W
. I used to sit in on lots of classes I hadn't even signed up for. And dorm li & V8 Z/ L6 _: O$ w o/ |
fe was terrific. I lived up at Radcliffe, in Currier House. There were always : ^1 [% q# C* M
lots of people in my dorm room late at night discussing things, because everyo
( i' ? U& g6 E& ]8 N! Ane knew I didn't worry about getting up in the morning. That's how I came to b
. p. I: Q; ~9 h, V) d7 me the leader of the anti-social group. We clung to each other as a way of vali
# l# o9 ]6 w" v5 d. c$ _dating our rejection of all those social people. ) s% d6 u3 K) y! u
+ A8 W( V/ W) q, l对我来说,哈佛的求学经历是一段非凡的经历。校园生活很有趣,我常去旁听我没选修的 % T: V, k) }" A6 x \6 f! |3 W& v
课。哈佛的课外生活也很棒,我在Radcliffe过着逍遥自在的日子。每天我的寝室里总有很
$ Y' J# t n! N, Z4 \多人一直待到半夜,讨论着各种事情。因为每个人都知道我从不考虑第二天早起。这使得 - z+ b. d3 \. c8 K+ I+ p0 l
我变成了校园里那些不安分学生的头头,我们互相粘在一起,做出一种拒绝所有正常学生
. D; J0 u4 a( Y% t, q7 u的姿态。
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' W% o0 m$ T. n5 _+ n4 ORadcliffe was a great place to live. There were more women up there, and most ! }1 a$ U7 Z$ F) c0 K
of the guys were science-math types. That combination offered me the best odds
d6 O+ @# D" R+ E7 s, if you know what I mean. This is where I learned the sad lesson that improvi
* R/ T. T3 u9 E4 Tng your odds doesn't guarantee success. , m; f) L) X! d3 ]
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Radcliffe是个过日子的好地方。那里的女生比男生多,而且大多数男生都是理工科的。这 7 `0 ^$ J' u: w& p
种状况为我创造了最好的机会,如果你们明白我的意思。可惜的是,我正是在这里学到了
6 a6 x' @7 ?. f人生中悲伤的一课:机会大,并不等于你就会成功。 x3 N9 `! @6 j% J$ m
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One of my biggest memories of Harvard came in January 1975, when I made a call & S* `1 H. L% e- S* m
from Currier House to a company in Albuquerque that had begun making the worl
: R9 K" K* ^1 e+ ]/ ~3 cd's first personal computers. I offered to sell them software.
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我在哈佛最难忘的回忆之一,发生在1975年1月。那时,我从宿舍楼里给位于Albuquerque
! R8 m! S% Z U; X, l的一家公司打了一个电话,那家公司已经在着手制造世界上第一台个人电脑。我提出想向 8 m8 e! P4 M) {1 b/ h
他们出售软件。
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I worried that they would realize I was just a student in a dorm and hang up o
# i! G& r* c) H' K, Fn me. Instead they said: "We're not quite ready, come see us in a month," whic / C5 H0 }+ {8 h- U9 c. V7 w- Y- }, ]
h was a good thing, because we hadn't written the software yet. From that mome
# Q" p/ I$ ^ `) d( z2 Ynt, I worked day and night on this little extra credit project that marked the ; S5 A+ b& R; \
end of my college education and the beginning of a remarkable journey with Mi
; c9 P! B% _- j1 Xcrosoft.
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我很担心,他们会发觉我是一个住在宿舍的学生,从而挂断电话。但是他们却说:“我们
8 s- {4 c7 t' m还没准备好,一个月后你再来找我们吧。”这是个好消息,因为那时软件还根本没有写出
6 K, }: p# N: Q* [" a来呢。就是从那个时候起,我日以继夜地在这个小小的课外项目上工作,这导致了我学生
+ o6 G! S5 _4 z; V生活的结束,以及通往微软公司的不平凡的旅程的开始。 7 V7 B4 J K* u' G6 j5 D/ `) b2 v
0 L6 T; u/ U2 e) PWhat I remember above all about Harvard was being in the midst of so much ener
, E T9 E9 Y, B. Fgy and intelligence. It could be exhilarating, intimidating, sometimes even di
& n+ c, n! v5 f) z( ]scouraging, but always challenging. It was an amazing privilege – and though $ |( K- k. B% G5 h' N
I left early, I was transformed by my years at Harvard, the friendships I made
) ~" V) n, N9 j0 o3 K8 v, and the ideas I worked on.
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不管怎样,我对哈佛的回忆主要都与充沛的精力和智力活动有关。哈佛的生活令人愉快, 2 j' O* `3 w+ F1 Z; T
也令人感到有压力,有时甚至会感到泄气,但永远充满了挑战性。生活在哈佛是一种吸引
9 L2 U6 [& K; e; A人的特殊待遇……虽然我离开得比较早,但是我在这里的经历、在这里结识的朋友、在这
- j& F7 @/ e, B x6 G里发展起来的一些想法,永远地改变了我。 / T7 P- s) e/ W+ X- X
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But taking a serious look back … I do have one big regret.
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但是,如果现在严肃地回忆起来,我确实有一个真正的遗憾。 : k2 y3 m* H$ R$ _- r9 L1 F
" j' _- k/ W) T) x' S1 JI left Harvard with no real awareness of the awful inequities in the world – ' a) L* g+ i6 p( m6 {
the appalling disparities of health, and wealth, and opportunity that condemn 1 q S/ \( l1 g( Q8 V. v
millions of people to lives of despair.
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我离开哈佛的时候,根本没有意识到这个世界是多么的不平等。人类在健康、财富和机遇 + L' d. b9 L: P2 P7 i- H7 u# U
上的不平等大得可怕,它们使得无数的人们被迫生活在绝望之中。 ) E0 @6 Z/ ^& Y6 @; o8 T
5 I; B' I; W" ]I learned a lot here at Harvard about new ideas in economics and politics. I g
! H7 P. P4 A6 Z: c# |1 M3 ~ot great exposure to the advances being made in the sciences. , k7 {. z* X/ h! L
5 f0 P1 k3 R" F7 `我在哈佛学到了很多经济学和政治学的新思想。我也了解了很多科学上的新进展。
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But humanity's greatest advances are not in its discoveries – but in how thos ; R5 G, N2 Q$ v0 @) {9 a2 X+ B3 @6 Q# d
e discoveries are applied to reduce inequity. Whether through democracy, stron ; c. M/ [( C2 P6 B" @' \: z
g public education, quality health care, or broad economic opportunity – redu ) W* w4 H# @. D' J: G8 b* z6 m7 ?
cing inequity is the highest human achievement. $ K) q* U7 K) }7 s6 H) Q
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但是,人类最大的进步并不来自于这些发现,而是来自于那些有助于减少人类不平等的发
2 P$ x( g1 x) Z* m现。不管通过何种手段——民主制度、健全的公共教育体系、高质量的医疗保健、还是广 0 g7 B8 [5 M+ m& i
泛的经济机会——减少不平等始终是人类最大的成就。 . T2 h# O5 @$ e
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I left campus knowing little about the millions of young people cheated out of
3 G" B2 s' ]4 x* G3 k$ v* @7 R: L7 yeducational opportunities here in this country. And I knew nothing about the
" @ S0 x9 l9 M1 p3 a5 p' umillions of people living in unspeakable poverty and disease in developing cou
( n) {2 h! E4 r0 ]ntries.
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( V2 m; L9 `7 c) N我离开校园的时候,根本不知道在这个国家里,有几百万的年轻人无法获得接受教育的机 2 Q3 z) g% ~8 u6 S! V; T
会。我也不知道,发展中国家里有无数的人们生活在无法形容的贫穷和疾病之中。 " O. n/ B D5 N
$ Q: I: H% V9 z* NIt took me decades to find out.
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6 _8 z" K$ a5 b8 |我花了几十年才明白了这些事情。
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You graduates came to Harvard at a different time. You know more about the wor
! F) |; w$ x( s. [& Yld's inequities than the classes that came before. In your years here, I hope
7 p9 } p5 [9 M" W6 Oyou've had a chance to think about how – in this age of accelerating technolo
6 b' K2 V3 l" V3 z$ m1 ^! Wgy – we can finally take on these inequities, and we can solve them.
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在座的各位同学,你们是在与我不同的时代来到哈佛的。你们比以前的学生,更多地了解 & Q& i" `5 k# Y; U2 \, P8 P# E4 L
世界是怎样的不平等。在你们的哈佛求学过程中,我希望你们已经思考过一个问题,那就 6 r9 H7 ]" E4 {; t
是在这个新技术加速发展的时代,我们怎样最终应对这种不平等,以及我们怎样来解决这 + C# R3 z, i# B% V# U! M
个问题。 : s, V2 M9 @7 O
. t# X! o* [1 T* }1 {Imagine, just for the sake of discussion, that you had a few hours a week and ' a1 G8 m) T' u: L# s0 Y4 _" u# G
a few dollars a month to donate to a cause – and you wanted to spend that tim ! T, Y: i. |6 `* H+ H' U' R
e and money where it would have the greatest impact in saving and improving li
+ ]7 B$ N$ a2 E" J4 _ves. Where would you spend it?
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为了讨论的方便,请想象一下,假如你每个星期可以捐献一些时间、每个月可以捐献一些 4 b3 f6 U7 a2 O% i3 d
钱——你希望这些时间和金钱,可以用到对拯救生命和改善人类生活有最大作用的地方。
& p7 m) R4 t) ~* R你会选择什么地方? 6 K0 ~+ ?1 ]+ K N1 j* a
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For Melinda and for me, the challenge is the same: how can we do the most good
6 I4 o4 N5 G! D) G* h( rfor the greatest number with the resources we have.
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对Melinda(注:盖茨的妻子)和我来说,这也是我们面临的问题:我们如何能将我们拥有 ) Q$ s8 s2 h1 v4 _( Z
的资源发挥出最大的作用。 7 |6 t5 S/ U4 H# D
& r6 Z! `$ t. E, u7 k7 ADuring our discussions on this question, Melinda and I read an article about t % H, |! i. \8 a0 ]& B( _
he millions of children who were dying every year in poor countries from disea
# K- Z0 E; k0 [/ Vses that we had long ago made harmless in this country. Measles, malaria, pneu S9 U# z N7 v2 ^/ J& x2 i
monia, hepatitis B, yellow fever. One disease I had never even heard of, rotav
0 `( J* q7 V1 E: W# D, j( a6 qirus, was killing half a million kids each year – none of them in the United
" e$ C% O9 p7 ?1 uStates.
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在讨论过程中,Melinda和我读到了一篇文章,里面说在那些贫穷的国家,每年有数百万的
: F, i. ?/ I4 Z8 ~3 b) |儿童死于那些在美国早已不成问题的疾病。麻疹、疟疾、肺炎、乙型肝炎、黄热病、还有 % X6 m/ a3 p! V5 K
一种以前我从未听说过的轮状病毒,这些疾病每年导致50万儿童死亡,但是在美国一例死 5 x$ Z! w" h& h4 W3 Z
亡病例也没有。 9 O1 H) {# X' t9 b+ P# \/ @ C; ]
* s8 V p1 `) d* V+ m2 A- TWe were shocked. We had just assumed that if millions of children were dying a 5 t- Y Y, W, h5 W
nd they could be saved, the world would make it a priority to discover and del ' l# G c" l1 [/ |! C
iver the medicines to save them. But it did not. For under a dollar, there wer $ B6 }% }6 _. j2 A ] m) ] H
e interventions that could save lives that just weren't being delivered. + h5 m- `" c w' Q) b, b: [9 @, [
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我们被震惊了。我们想,如果几百万儿童正在死亡线上挣扎,而且他们是可以被挽救的,
* k$ i7 a; R& J s- c那么世界理应将用药物拯救他们作为头等大事。但是事实并非如此。那些价格还不到一美
8 Y7 }% }( F9 }2 M4 P元的救命的药剂,并没有送到他们的手中。 # e) J& d" V$ p! C9 \
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If you believe that every life has equal value, it's revolting to learn that s % b( L9 e E* s6 a, D
ome lives are seen as worth saving and others are not. We said to ourselves: " - ]' Y0 Q- h+ N
This can't be true. But if it is true, it deserves to be the priority of our g
: `6 I& }; O- D. z5 {) H1 qiving."
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/ C. ^5 f/ }* @6 W. j/ ?9 Q如果你相信每个生命都是平等的,那么当你发现某些生命被挽救了,而另一些生命被放弃
" Y# J: X6 a! l7 M5 o, B' ?' f了,你会感到无法接受。我们对自己说:“事情不可能如此。如果这是真的,那么它理应
% _6 A3 B* A. t" N) J是我们努力的头等大事。”
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So we began our work in the same way anyone here would begin it. We asked: "Ho 2 X& B6 J6 B4 U- H1 E- G/ q; T
w could the world let these children die?"
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所以,我们用任何人都会想到的方式开始工作。我们问:“这个世界怎么可以眼睁睁看着 0 s: a$ R* w6 @) n, a1 s4 ]3 N
这些孩子死去?”
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* X$ [- x, `7 `3 lThe answer is simple, and harsh. The market did not reward saving the lives of " d& m/ f9 ~; a
these children, and governments did not subsidize it. So the children died be
9 P9 |; F# W8 {% s4 I. Kcause their mothers and their fathers had no power in the market and no voice
- ~! e; t% u8 y1 { ]+ Win the system. ( @1 |, m: g1 `% C2 R
0 @2 c7 q/ |. F6 B; v' p答案很简单,也很令人难堪。在市场经济中,拯救儿童是一项没有利润的工作,政府也不 4 ?7 S* K' s% @) d4 M
会提供补助。这些儿童之所以会死亡,是因为他们的父母在经济上没有实力,在政治上没
1 f3 `# |% E; T8 {5 B有能力发出声音。
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4 i) _4 q; W' U, B UBut you and I have both. 4 ?. Z3 \! e+ t$ X8 K
$ N9 x8 e. P2 X- G: r9 [$ k
但是,你们和我在经济上有实力,在政治上能够发出声音。 0 G5 s8 I, f; Q% B
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We can make market forces work better for the poor if we can develop a more cr # _2 C# ~# Z6 P0 |2 u- p$ ]
eative capitalism – if we can stretch the reach of market forces so that more * ?5 [$ k( ~9 l3 f- V& H! c( H7 h
people can make a profit, or at least make a living, serving people who are s
N6 V1 \8 n8 S J- c8 T. guffering from the worst inequities. We also can press governments around the w
! q, y/ a5 m1 } corld to spend taxpayer money in ways that better reflect the values of the peo
* y9 s+ \7 D3 L% M4 ^ple who pay the taxes.
+ [0 S3 y' q4 N/ W2 P. c. P0 W; m! A8 U7 y) M7 j: ~
我们可以让市场更好地为穷人服务,如果我们能够设计出一种更有创新性的资本主义制度
4 \0 Z8 K0 [5 X——如果我们可以改变市场,让更多的人可以获得利润,或者至少可以维持生活——那么
2 S) T a/ S$ n/ _,这就可以帮到那些正在极端不平等的状况中受苦的人们。我们还可以向全世界的政府施 + {6 I: \. J# o# p
压,要求他们将纳税人的钱,花到更符合纳税人价值观的地方。
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If we can find approaches that meet the needs of the poor in ways that generat " p' l$ S1 S5 W# j$ I7 i
e profits for business and votes for politicians, we will have found a sustain
9 l5 ]7 t/ [# \. \+ ]: aable way to reduce inequity in the world. This task is open-ended. It can neve ( X# a) B4 ^5 Y! W6 S
r be finished. But a conscious effort to answer this challenge will change the
' L5 E4 ]" [( ^ _% mworld.
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$ c% v0 \+ ?- h( {. ]! b/ X如果我们能够找到这样一种方法,既可以帮到穷人,又可以为商人带来利润,为政治家带
, f0 r* v0 B1 K, O5 U6 T4 T来选票,那么我们就找到了一种减少世界性不平等的可持续的发展道路。这个任务是无限 , N: s5 e# g- @
的。它不可能被完全完成,但是任何自觉地解决这个问题的尝试,都将会改变这个世界。 % D( k+ L% x+ N5 i
4 t, P1 X' x9 g: U8 \# V! e& l& F. U
0 f: N5 n5 t) I- A7 `7 H) b6 }I am optimistic that we can do this, but I talk to skeptics who claim there is ( m0 c7 D2 A9 d( V- g! x
no hope. They say: "Inequity has been with us since the beginning, and will b
+ W6 o0 H7 N2 s; P8 z' Ie with us till the end – because people just … don't … care." I completely ; y/ {1 g [# `! P9 I
disagree.
# z" h/ _" j- W0 V! {# v9 F: }# X
在这个问题上,我是乐观的。但是,我也遇到过那些感到绝望的怀疑主义者。他们说:“ . u0 I1 U. j* r! L
不平等从人类诞生的第一天就存在,到人类灭亡的最后一天也将存在。——因为人类对这 `' U; |- e3 q! E1 @/ L: t
个问题根本不在乎。”我完全不能同意这种观点。 ) k' l* i$ i% |6 k* M
7 t1 W9 R& A Y3 Y% r x+ N+ K/ V; s
I believe we have more caring than we know what to do with.
# V8 Z1 C: D7 C( h0 n: h- |
7 \8 V: E1 G3 h+ n9 ?我相信,问题不是我们不在乎,而是我们不知道怎么做。 2 X& S2 n8 Q' U2 }. r" E0 I
- S& j3 G6 X+ U5 j* ?
All of us here in this Yard, at one time or another, have seen human tragedies - h g5 \3 `& E: z3 A
that broke our hearts, and yet we did nothing – not because we didn't care, 6 E1 R' z4 {; N
but because we didn't know what to do. If we had known how to help, we would h . | ^0 x* G3 x$ h* V
ave acted.
3 l7 g$ d( p( D
$ Q) x/ `) x" c此刻在这个院子里的所有人,生命中总有这样或那样的时刻,目睹人类的悲剧,感到万分
: A" A# e1 a) h: o伤心。但是我们什么也没做,并非我们无动于衷,而是因为我们不知道做什么和怎么做。 % s w" i6 L9 L o
如果我们知道如何做是有效的,那么我们就会采取行动。 0 O2 {- t( B' l. V) i9 R+ f j
6 e. R% l/ R. R) `1 p5 X
The barrier to change is not too little caring; it is too much complexity. . l4 d- F X( b
. k7 v- \" N. ?& j; g0 J5 r( }改变世界的阻碍,并非人类的冷漠,而是世界实在太复杂。 ) g" ~ p/ H& U7 @; |9 J. K
+ d" `2 d) V0 W% [
To turn caring into action, we need to see a problem, see a solution, and see
; N5 ~& q2 S4 pthe impact. But complexity blocks all three steps. ) S) b! O ?" y
9 |: V/ @( \+ x4 {7 ?2 V* R! c为了将关心转变为行动,我们需要找到问题,发现解决办法的方法,评估后果。但是世界 4 L6 y/ o" \4 y- T, Z
的复杂性使得所有这些步骤都难于做到。
" V+ q3 W% ~, p2 d+ E& M
; A1 K: F L& R( r' ] f, pEven with the advent of the Internet and 24-hour news, it is still a complex e
6 b; _7 i; `. N/ _nterprise to get people to truly see the problems. When an airplane crashes, o 6 \* \1 T3 c* O* p/ a
fficials immediately call a press conference. They promise to investigate, det 6 q/ r! o8 M; Q% d4 E8 n$ U
ermine the cause, and prevent similar crashes in the future.
8 a' g) R, w! c3 g u& O9 @/ c( _3 T& v, {) [! b
即使有了互联网和24小时直播的新闻台,让人们真正发现问题所在,仍然十分困难。当一
" {& P# C- C5 C% A# y6 t架飞机坠毁了,官员们会立刻召开新闻发布会,他们承诺进行调查、找到原因、防止将来 ) @( |( S3 I- z, X1 u, O: s: M
再次发生类似事故。 . L6 m$ ~ n* V2 @8 D
( i+ L( f/ Q" f8 d+ iBut if the officials were brutally honest, they would say: "Of all the people
: v4 d5 S+ W0 B% ~in the world who died today from preventable causes, one half of one percent o / ?! ]. T( I' Z2 C* B4 j: J6 d4 g
f them were on this plane. We're determined to do everything possible to solve
# J3 z) v+ y" athe problem that took the lives of the one half of one percent." % C1 z& B2 U8 B
' D$ S: j. V4 ]: A% H+ ^; V但是如果那些官员敢说真话,他们就会说:“在今天这一天,全世界所有可以避免的死亡 % A+ n8 V$ y* Z# r
之中,只有0.5%的死者来自于这次空难。我们决心尽一切努力,调查这个0.5%的死亡原因 " t! s8 O& n8 M- H
。”
3 l( r, W# R0 e5 U( A0 l& Z
3 a# D5 u6 ~+ h/ B* vThe bigger problem is not the plane crash, but the millions of preventable dea
5 F# g' Y* K- R( R4 Pths. 0 i$ A( {, L5 H- ?
5 w' V! W3 U6 T显然,更重要的问题不是这次空难,而是其他几百万可以预防的死亡事件。 5 h+ _8 E) ~7 h/ a+ R
: l$ T* u4 I1 Q6 Q V( W
We don't read much about these deaths. The media covers what's new – and mill
( N! n& _: r* H3 s8 z9 a% fions of people dying is nothing new. So it stays in the background, where it's 5 f, t: V7 d4 z' j
easier to ignore. But even when we do see it or read about it, it's difficult
. g) U) ?) q& O( S* m; L/ b, Gto keep our eyes on the problem. It's hard to look at suffering if the situat ) R. m6 W, d$ M* K# A) b$ _9 k a
ion is so complex that we don't know how to help. And so we look away. 5 u5 ]: S- [ z3 j- ]
# W9 r. J0 I p ?
我们并没有很多机会了解那些死亡事件。媒体总是报告新闻,几百万人将要死去并非新闻
7 D3 z4 }& ^+ d9 b2 @- Z。如果没有人报道,那么这些事件就很容易被忽视。另一方面,即使我们确实目睹了事件
+ Q" T' O( ~. @* Y8 H* P本身或者看到了相关报道,我们也很难持续关注这些事件。看着他人受苦是令人痛苦的, : f W% L: k" ^+ O; A9 S
何况问题又如此复杂,我们根本不知道如何去帮助他人。所以我们会将脸转过去。
. {7 z1 E# H0 z9 H1 t z8 r B3 F
5 `% E) ?& }1 t" FIf we can really see a problem, which is the first step, we come to the second 9 V1 j% h7 ^. o
step: cutting through the complexity to find a solution.
. i/ J6 p2 k. ^3 {, E6 s
3 q6 v* t. M6 ^5 @, [就算我们真正发现了问题所在,也不过是迈出了第一步,接着还有第二步:那就是从复杂
' w1 v. U. c f' V. Y的事件中找到解决办法。
4 W1 l, j( L) X( l( R t" E* a: f. _- r4 t; o1 W1 _" f
Finding solutions is essential if we want to make the most of our caring. If w * b& }' x C* h0 b6 x/ w5 [
e have clear and proven answers anytime an organization or individual asks "Ho % T% A ?# b3 P9 w& B& T: O0 |
w can I help?," then we can get action – and we can make sure that none of th / o) S' }7 q& i/ }4 s" i) V
e caring in the world is wasted. But complexity makes it hard to mark a path o
2 L9 i) v' q" P8 ^f action for everyone who cares — and that makes it hard for their caring to
7 m. `) N6 Z' u+ D" l! X) Kmatter. ( M! I0 }7 x' r
! Y. M7 z& I1 k- ~% g如果我们要让关心落到实处,我们就必须找到解决办法。如果我们有一个清晰的和可靠的 A) v/ r5 \9 i- `% _) E+ ^- q) q
答案,那么当任何组织和个人发出疑问“如何我能提供帮助”的时候,我们就能采取行动 9 y% H- ^+ z# H7 N0 W0 j3 l+ O
。我们就能够保证不浪费一丁点全世界人类对他人的关心。但是,世界的复杂性使得很难
8 w$ h" g5 B' b; }' A找到对全世界每一个有爱心的人都有效的行动方法,因此人类对他人的关心往往很难产生 ( v I: O9 u# ~2 M& D
实际效果。
9 b: f/ {# O) d) n% J
0 ^6 a2 n Y: ?Cutting through complexity to find a solution runs through four predictable st
" W9 K# M9 L& s2 z: a* U2 ]6 u m0 A0 aages: determine a goal, find the highest-leverage approach, discover the ideal / U! N3 b) A3 T2 A) o# O' V
technology for that approach, and in the meantime, make the smartest applicat / f. x; L Y6 u* a
ion of the technology that you already have — whether it's something sophisti ! `7 H G/ G5 g' g+ y* P& m
cated, like a drug, or something simpler, like a bednet. & y( @. a' T7 {
4 O, h6 j. Y8 ~$ q! H3 k从这个复杂的世界中找到解决办法,可以分为四个步骤:确定目标,找到最高效的方法,
b, M0 c7 A0 o/ k( k% w发现适用于这个方法的新技术,同时最聪明地利用现有的技术,不管它是复杂的药物,还
. Z+ M9 h6 a6 \5 A( {0 o是最简单的蚊帐。 / P) ~6 S3 {# h
4 ?3 y0 [! S# p0 Q; Q# K- b2 a" @
The AIDS epidemic offers an example. The broad goal, of course, is to end the
. V. v; T6 ~# s6 n. o0 L0 Y5 _9 Jdisease. The highest-leverage approach is prevention. The ideal technology wou
D. [7 s( B1 R& o/ |1 j. rld be a vaccine that gives lifetime immunity with a single dose. So government ! @: F. H! {4 U1 O/ B E
s, drug companies, and foundations fund vaccine research. But their work is li
( X( m J* ?: }% O4 n/ Dkely to take more than a decade, so in the meantime, we have to work with what
) s6 _& ^; I7 b# U$ o8 v+ a$ B6 zwe have in hand – and the best prevention approach we have now is getting pe 1 v! @4 G# e+ n8 `
ople to avoid risky behavior.
! H+ `; [+ J# T& d' q( R1 U$ b& s$ S4 k9 E5 M% y, [# z7 t; e
艾滋病就是一个例子。总的目标,毫无疑问是消灭这种疾病。最高效的方法是预防。最理
9 I( r( C8 v; Z1 u- }0 `/ h5 P想的技术是发明一种疫苗,只要注射一次,就可以终生免疫。所以,政府、制药公司、基
- I: C1 Q+ ]* b: X2 r6 e金会应该资助疫苗研究。但是,这样研究工作很可能十年之内都无法完成。因此,与此同
# I: w2 {& S* Z! j3 k时,我们必须使用现有的技术,目前最有效的预防方法就是设法让人们避免那些危险的行
* y4 m2 j0 {2 @& j1 i# R为。 + m* S' n4 ]' v' Q2 Y/ G
: x: k, b! h0 E& |+ ~! Y
Pursuing that goal starts the four-step cycle again. This is the pattern. The
/ C5 N& _8 I9 l; m$ R. xcrucial thing is to never stop thinking and working – and never do what we di
, E( S, D3 J' r. V& O' s) Ud with malaria and tuberculosis in the 20th century – which is to surrender t 2 L3 i3 J6 t- n9 \- W, }
o complexity and quit.
' P0 G, |9 X) Q% B3 J
7 y9 o: X# l+ x2 N( }要实现这个新的目标,又可以采用新的四步循环。这是一种模式。关键的东西是永远不要
# h( K$ {0 }2 W4 Q停止思考和行动。我们千万不能再犯上个世纪在疟疾和肺结核上犯过的错误,那时我们因 0 }' G$ Y$ \, T% s- l( L( a) w& G$ _
为它们太复杂,而放弃了采取行动。
6 e0 a$ s- j9 d
; q. z% D8 o7 u: D/ {$ @The final step – after seeing the problem and finding an approach – is to me @1 \* R3 [, r* u9 h; Z
asure the impact of your work and share your successes and failures so that ot
2 w/ j- R3 ?% l& J- Zhers learn from your efforts. 0 h9 C/ k6 S# o
' _7 q i% w) h! f在发现问题和找到解决方法之后,就是最后一步——评估工作结果,将你的成功经验或者
0 ~) R; s) {! G: ^失败经验传播出去,这样其他人就可以从你的努力中有所收获。 % O& R" I* r3 z$ c. v5 }: u
$ G2 a; ~) @9 r- P+ U# Z& S0 i
You have to have the statistics, of course. You have to be able to show that a - b1 s; {2 q3 O& ^( o8 L- o" y" n
program is vaccinating millions more children. You have to be able to show a
2 z6 X& @+ @$ A, l& o- t8 mdecline in the number of children dying from these diseases. This is essential 9 k; j( ?; S1 @" |, J# o$ G, g
not just to improve the program, but also to help draw more investment from b ' X: X$ U' N1 p) _; R7 v! z
usiness and government. ) t! n( R# a5 O5 \, |9 @
" I, ~& H/ |' d% _) G# [$ d当然,你必须有一些统计数字。你必须让他人知道,你的项目为几百万儿童新接种了疫苗 + E5 ?* C' h' E, `0 @7 |) E1 G
。你也必须让他人知道,儿童死亡人数下降了多少。这些都是很关键的,不仅有利于改善
6 o z }; ]' K7 W9 x; d, U) ]项目效果,也有利于从商界和政府得到更多的帮助。 ( E% R/ w: Y- n/ ?4 W
! `! q: I: u. Z0 R4 VBut if you want to inspire people to participate, you have to show more than n 8 N) `% e& n& E/ Y" \
umbers; you have to convey the human impact of the work – so people can feel - R/ m: e/ O) ]9 x0 c
what saving a life means to the families affected. ( x2 a/ o( G5 B/ h, B$ O
, q0 x8 t( T3 m- y% e& K3 q但是,这些还不够,如果你想激励其他人参加你的项目,你就必须拿出更多的统计数字;
" W( B" k& C. t, `: r你必须展示你的项目的人性因素,这样其他人就会感到拯救一个生命,对那些处在困境中 ) Y# F: G2 j8 r7 P. H% _& E
的家庭到底意味着什么。 * b8 A0 R/ x [& w, u2 ]4 k+ K
' {3 Z/ j; k, K: Y' i7 J) ?
I remember going to Davos some years back and sitting on a global health panel
$ S# M+ I- N: r. _/ k" rthat was discussing ways to save millions of lives. Millions! Think of the th : x& j1 J0 Y4 d( h; L
rill of saving just one person's life – then multiply that by millions. … Ye . z9 U; G% x# Q6 Z4 E6 \. Y( z9 b
t this was the most boring panel I've ever been on – ever. So boring even I c " b9 Z g# q, j
ouldn't bear it.
4 k7 q9 B$ K- H1 Y2 l4 V
5 \+ Q; b) m0 D8 u几年前,我去瑞士达沃斯旁听一个全球健康问题论坛,会议的内容有关于如何拯救几百万 V v; r7 J' h$ y$ @
条生命。天哪,是几百万!想一想吧,拯救一个人的生命已经让人何等激动,现在你要把
9 w0 p7 h7 T, q这种激动再乘上几百万倍……但是,不幸的是,这是我参加过的最最乏味的论坛,乏味到
2 ]- Q) D. C9 l; D w我无法强迫自己听下去。 0 M$ T6 t' D$ s
: o7 G# t3 x( w l2 J% yWhat made that experience especially striking was that I had just come from an ; p/ V i) {: C0 Z' i
event where we were introducing version 13 of some piece of software, and we
+ u. z7 T2 H: Q0 [, | M3 @, d* }had people jumping and shouting with excitement. I love getting people excited
' r; V+ I) c$ K, e* V' r. u7 _about software – but why can't we generate even more excitement for saving l
7 j9 d# m/ I9 hives?
! M* [6 D- a! v
4 i/ [7 H$ L1 ^6 w那次经历之所以让我难忘,是因为之前我们刚刚发布了一个软件的第13个版本,我们让观 / ?- t5 ]6 P: `
众激动得跳了起来,喊出了声。我喜欢人们因为软件而感到激动,那么我们为什么不能够 , g" H5 n ~0 u5 e
让人们因为能够拯救生命而感到更加激动呢?
7 Z+ y F4 r) d7 i* }# w. Z- z, S( ~
' @+ {# e$ c5 r) nYou can't get people excited unless you can help them see and feel the impact. 3 C; u! V8 _9 t/ f5 @
And how you do that – is a complex question.
2 r& e0 F F/ {0 j) h) O
9 [& O) O; ] B, S+ w* w除非你能够让人们看到或者感受到行动的影响力,否则你无法让人们激动。如何做到这一
$ {4 h" l) y' v6 m( g0 ?3 B' E点,并不是一件简单的事。
4 {3 m% y1 V8 S; r7 _; s. a
" b6 K# l9 {+ SStill, I'm optimistic. Yes, inequity has been with us forever, but the new too 3 f) r l8 }- z& t ?* R
ls we have to cut through complexity have not been with us forever. They are n / x1 O) w& z; E) k" I
ew – they can help us make the most of our caring – and that's why the futur t9 K1 G+ x7 J8 A% A8 z
e can be different from the past. ! O0 T1 ?# r7 J/ a3 a% N
( }/ _( S( K! R, L7 C$ g同前面一样,在这个问题上,我依然是乐观的。不错,人类的不平等有史以来一直存在, & C, D+ E1 w/ @
但是那些能够化繁为简的新工具,却是最近才出现的。这些新工具可以帮助我们,将人类 ; \; I6 e/ i2 L/ y+ H' _; ]
的同情心发挥最大的作用,这就是为什么将来同过去是不一样的。 0 x2 P2 {. ?" v% k1 o/ u( i% U+ P
7 R6 i# y. g% _% o6 L: E7 X- `: N5 N
The defining and ongoing innovations of this age – biotechnology, the compute ! `2 x$ U( F9 c9 \9 w4 H
r, the Internet – give us a chance we've never had before to end extreme pove + A) k2 U- L5 |2 ?" B- @+ {
rty and end death from preventable disease. 3 p3 @$ S# {- I
9 _- B, f# d. ?9 l6 J/ {这个时代无时无刻不在涌现出新的革新——生物技术,计算机,互联网——它们给了我们 2 f9 m2 N) M; }3 h/ P8 L- n G
一个从未有过的机会,去终结那些极端的贫穷和非恶性疾病的死亡。
e, L% r T( r, }0 q/ N6 B; V% o, x3 \4 O
Sixty years ago, George Marshall came to this commencement and announced a pla 4 X* r* A! F. X; |# {0 @9 t2 ?! T
n to assist the nations of post-war Europe. He said: "I think one difficulty i / o5 Z, w0 W! E$ e+ W2 V8 B
s that the problem is one of such enormous complexity that the very mass of fa 6 c, o6 L8 X. P/ ]( H/ ~. {
cts presented to the public by press and radio make it exceedingly difficult f / x* q+ U" C2 s1 A& D, u
or the man in the street to reach a clear appraisement of the situation. It is
+ q7 k# b) h9 ^8 @5 F1 d7 nvirtually impossible at this distance to grasp at all the real significance o / V0 p( T8 P9 B
f the situation." . x. z9 o E5 T# B& q9 b) s/ X
7 r) t, H! I( w
六十年前,乔治·马歇尔也是在这个地方的毕业典礼上,宣布了一个计划,帮助那些欧洲
, g8 u1 t0 h$ J( g+ g国家的战后建设。他说:“我认为,困难的一点是这个问题太复杂,报纸和电台向公众源 8 H# o0 e) W) e, K! C O( a
源不断地提供各种事实,使得大街上的普通人极端难于清晰地判断形势。事实上,经过层
: e' N4 [) L6 M4 U& T' d* W- A层传播,想要真正地把握形势,是根本不可能的。” / {/ x+ v3 \/ p/ y, U
3 G0 E7 K5 T% W! w+ j! NThirty years after Marshall made his address, as my class graduated without me
+ R% u7 s3 ]3 y, technology was emerging that would make the world smaller, more open, more v 6 I" v7 @: N3 I2 P4 F- ]& j1 T3 C
isible, less distant. " I3 E; ~- Y! i+ N9 k, r
$ F2 _; v7 i7 r" X$ {
马歇尔发表这个演讲之后的三十年,我那一届学生毕业,当然我不在其中。那时,新技术
- h% n7 ^! ]4 |刚刚开始萌芽,它们将使得这个世界变得更小、更开放、更容易看到、距离更近。
1 x5 T0 r% I" D/ Z6 ?, r+ K* _2 P3 T. w7 L
The emergence of low-cost personal computers gave rise to a powerful network t # x1 E! _! Q! a/ j$ o
hat has transformed opportunities for learning and communicating. 8 K( Y* u% U& g% p3 X e! Y$ P
+ \$ K. Z' o: ~; e" [. V/ q低成本的个人电脑的出现,使得一个强大的互联网有机会诞生,它为学习和交流提供了巨 ) g! ?; a& J" e' w R! a
大的机会。
' T+ q! h9 m! v( b7 O& A7 a3 D; u8 ^; O! {9 s# j) a! k
The magical thing about this network is not just that it collapses distance an 9 E; y7 S8 b9 {) q% J/ |- m
d makes everyone your neighbor. It also dramatically increases the number of b : i* S0 ~3 f9 s: x2 a8 q
rilliant minds we can have working together on the same problem – and that sc
6 Q6 L3 |% h9 L; o6 nales up the rate of innovation to a staggering degree. # G2 _+ p0 z+ i
& ]9 _: G# q* s% G9 m/ w+ R- F
网络的神奇之处,不仅仅是它缩短了物理距离,使得天涯若比邻。它还极大地增加了怀有
$ ^% q1 N: h& h共同想法的人们聚集在一起的机会,我们可以为了解决同一个问题,一起共同工作。这就 " g: p! G7 K/ {5 ]+ J( @
大大加快了革新的进程,发展速度简直快得让人震惊。 ' ]" B/ d+ L! G1 H
4 A! C2 Q2 s" L1 F) cAt the same time, for every person in the world who has access to this technol
1 J+ r+ W! D3 n6 i. R+ Qogy, five people don't. That means many creative minds are left out of this di : s- Z( @9 t- G2 b. u
scussion -- smart people with practical intelligence and relevant experience w * L0 N+ a' R+ @, z1 i( k; o: Q+ Z- e9 i
ho don't have the technology to hone their talents or contribute their ideas t
! |, I. h8 c8 f! k3 vo the world.
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; j" U3 x7 g5 p与此同时,世界上有条件上网的人,只是全部人口的六分之一。这意味着,还有许多具有 0 Z& j1 U+ G0 I) Y* l+ L
创造性的人们,没有加入到我们的讨论中来。那些有着实际的操作经验和相关经历的聪明 ^+ Q4 q7 q* a; ~; _! [
人,却没有技术来帮助他们,将他们的天赋或者想法与全世界分享。 ) {& z# E7 P% u6 m- G
1 ?& q: m: M3 q8 SWe need as many people as possible to have access to this technology, because
! H/ f$ w+ B: d" A z# |these advances are triggering a revolution in what human beings can do for one
3 V6 @, K* f9 ?2 T! zanother. They are making it possible not just for national governments, but f
" [6 v: b, [3 Z( `/ n& G% Wor universities, corporations, smaller organizations, and even individuals to
! Y( P3 \4 k/ Y% p# Asee problems, see approaches, and measure the impact of their efforts to addre
/ A6 d7 ~; v' Z$ kss the hunger, poverty, and desperation George Marshall spoke of 60 years ago. ! T6 y, @, ?$ \7 f9 d2 t
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2 X1 @3 ^+ t1 y1 ?# v; t. S5 w我们需要尽可能地让更多的人有机会使用新技术,因为这些新技术正在引发一场革命,人
m4 s, m3 {1 w& J类将因此可以互相帮助。新技术正在创造一种可能,不仅是政府,还包括大学、公司、小
/ L: d) p$ `& O% D) j" e" o机构、甚至个人,能够发现问题所在、能够找到解决办法、能够评估他们努力的效果,去
) n" U4 H. |& Y改变那些马歇尔六十年前就说到过的问题——饥饿、贫穷和绝望。 9 \) r* r: \- U: P Q* V
9 j+ ~ O- @' W/ fMembers of the Harvard Family: Here in the Yard is one of the great collection ' [! J# L5 Y, a* C4 Z' l
s of intellectual talent in the world. ' W9 j' g& F7 Q5 L
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哈佛是一个大家庭。这个院子里在场的人们,是全世界最有智力的人类群体之一。 / c8 I6 c f" s
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What for?
& \+ B1 I' V# h) s% K: e. q) |0 L4 E$ X Y8 Z* K% U
我们可以做些什么?
, i/ o- L) U6 y. y- L: W& S2 ^
. N, J% J& @4 }' Y( H: OThere is no question that the faculty, the alumni, the students, and the benef
2 }3 _0 Q% z. I/ ]8 m2 J+ ractors of Harvard have used their power to improve the lives of people here an * W/ |+ P$ c$ q- o
d around the world. But can we do more? Can Harvard dedicate its intellect to & W& I. h. A6 P! N: K
improving the lives of people who will never even hear its name? $ b3 a, _% b- v2 o; I! m
+ D/ d3 p' l, V, [: g) Q毫无疑问,哈佛的老师、校友、学生和资助者,已经用他们的能力改善了全世界各地人们
( M% B9 }# L' a" a6 d7 b( I! }的生活。但是,我们还能够再做什么呢?有没有可能,哈佛的人们可以将他们的智慧,用
3 K/ }! }( i" I- H2 Q; k来帮助那些甚至从来没有听到过“哈佛”这个名字的人?
$ C( K( }7 N' Y, z e+ l: {* f9 a9 d/ M
Let me make a request of the deans and the professors – the intellectual lead
- M2 \7 n0 v( ~$ \/ _ers here at Harvard: As you hire new faculty, award tenure, review curriculum,
. |$ z7 F, l8 M8 a# g; f4 Dand determine degree requirements, please ask yourselves: $ T/ W! z- V" S9 h0 D
H- ~" r: y0 i4 `1 g) q; {
请允许我向各位院长和教授,提出一个请求——你们是哈佛的智力领袖,当你们雇用新的 4 q" i- N/ R0 p# k$ i4 D
老师、授予终身教职、评估课程、决定学位颁发标准的时候,请问你们自己如下的问题: 0 t, t7 ~+ a3 @# ~' }
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6 c- M( t; I, V/ O. R" vShould our best minds be dedicated to solving our biggest problems? . K9 _( @0 C& I3 n1 }
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我们最优秀的人才是否在致力于解决我们最大的问题? ) r+ R; R* @0 j* K
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Should Harvard encourage its faculty to take on the world's worst inequities?
7 A3 L, c" ]' `3 z6 b" g0 M! U0 r5 sShould Harvard students learn about the depth of global poverty … the prevale 5 s/ a7 L/ y1 d! G' W% o
nce of world hunger … the scarcity of clean water …the girls kept out of sch
# U/ }$ N( t% D5 \ool … the children who die from diseases we can cure? 0 V3 R; i5 i2 M7 U# |
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哈佛是否鼓励她的老师去研究解决世界上最严重的不平等?哈佛的学生是否从全球那些极
) D, ? ?7 l4 R" J端的贫穷中学到了什么……世界性的饥荒……清洁的水资源的缺乏……无法上学的女童…
2 P" k5 ^3 w. e" Y' K…死于非恶性疾病的儿童……哈佛的学生有没有从中学到东西? " \, |% h" r8 a& \# c
( L4 l" o. `! i9 S" O k1 cShould the world's most privileged people learn about the lives of the world's # r; W6 {4 a/ _4 U) _, t) J9 c( t
least privileged?
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那些世界上过着最优越生活的人们,有没有从那些最困难的人们身上学到东西?
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These are not rhetorical questions – you will answer with your policies. + e# `/ @4 f. {* u3 J: C
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这些问题并非语言上的修辞。你必须用自己的行动来回答它们。 % e' p7 W$ w* b; O- G8 |
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My mother, who was filled with pride the day I was admitted here – never stop 0 T/ f1 [1 B$ S4 _ Q0 O
ped pressing me to do more for others. A few days before my wedding, she hoste 9 \5 @7 d+ U# w" N! @- _8 s/ w
d a bridal event, at which she read aloud a letter about marriage that she had : O0 T& Z0 r0 R9 \
written to Melinda. My mother was very ill with cancer at the time, but she s
6 g; \$ a! G6 f/ G, m( jaw one more opportunity to deliver her message, and at the close of the letter 7 I C6 ^2 I1 T! _/ n- m
she said: "From those to whom much is given, much is expected." 4 s0 A4 l8 ~" S& w; _* J# t/ l
: n1 w1 d% o+ {8 S4 D7 \1 o( }7 _
我的母亲在我被哈佛大学录取的那一天,曾经感到非常骄傲。她从没有停止督促我,去为
" Q7 q, Y& W' H他人做更多的事情。在我结婚的前几天,她主持了一个新娘进我家的仪式。在这个仪式上
0 A c3 j' [8 L) p,她高声朗读了一封关于婚姻的信,这是她写给Melinda的。那时,我的母亲已经因为癌症 6 y. B# n* A' w R0 V: m
病入膏肓,但是她还是认为这是又一个传播她的信念的机会。在那封信的结尾,她写道: # u- K3 ]% r- H: w$ U! s& r& K
“对于那些接受了许多帮助的人们,他们还在期待更多的帮助。你的能力越大,人们对你
' V& F! D- w, C1 S' e. U6 Z0 h的期望也就越大。”
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When you consider what those of us here in this Yard have been given – in tal ( h( A) g$ Y) [ g4 U* ^- _$ b! n+ c
ent, privilege, and opportunity – there is almost no limit to what the world
& B- s$ P$ f' {, z4 thas a right to expect from us. - d; ?8 j" c3 [) `& @2 |
+ U) O. d6 a" W
想一想吧,我们在这个院子里的这些人,被给予过什么——天赋、特权、机遇——那么可
% h0 U: B7 c; z6 U. r% b以这样说,全世界的人们几乎有无限的权力,期待我们做出贡献。
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8 j9 F. v% G: L/ O4 e7 a1 ^( t; X, NIn line with the promise of this age, I want to exhort each of the graduates h 0 q6 N5 t: _( l2 `/ O1 X" o
ere to take on an issue – a complex problem, a deep inequity, and become a sp 8 G: s" ]1 L5 V, _9 H
ecialist on it. If you make it the focus of your career, that would be phenome
6 o, U" S& z5 T, w( Q5 K9 ?nal. But you don't have to do that to make an impact. For a few hours every we 3 Z7 N C5 E# p; ]5 r
ek, you can use the growing power of the Internet to get informed, find others * r1 j+ Z: d5 j; m
with the same interests, see the barriers, and find ways to cut through them. % X$ w8 J; X8 f
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2 E; I6 X- [; \/ x9 l4 E8 v4 w, T同这个时代的期望一样,我也要向今天各位毕业的同学提出一个忠告:你们要选择一个问
" r# U' ]# i9 h题,一个复杂的问题,一个有关于人类深刻的不平等的问题,然后你们要变成这个问题的 1 P3 B" S8 q* L5 N/ Y+ S# Z; i
专家。如果你们能够使得这个问题成为你们职业的核心,那么你们就会非常杰出。但是,
$ m" e: t% D0 C你们不必一定要去做那些大事。每个星期只用几个小时,你就可以通过互联网得到信息,
* N+ a4 `9 `5 `( F6 ?找到志同道合的朋友,发现困难所在,找到解决它们的途径。 : ~0 H! d, b0 A! Z: n, ?
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Don't let complexity stop you. Be activists. Take on the big inequities. It wi
7 y6 H9 k, d2 p" [0 f6 \# u: Gll be one of the great experiences of your lives. 6 W8 `+ m! U7 Z3 g4 B
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不要让这个世界的复杂性阻碍你前进。要成为一个行动主义者。将解决人类的不平等视为
& F3 ~# \! I5 g8 v己任。它将成为你生命中最重要的经历之一。 2 j- T6 u0 R) c8 p
. q/ E! ^2 s1 q. y3 rYou graduates are coming of age in an amazing time. As you leave Harvard, you + O+ `$ L1 r2 M3 H
have technology that members of my class never had. You have awareness of glob
& X8 K3 {$ D( ?) V! U- G3 ]& xal inequity, which we did not have. And with that awareness, you likely also h
. i" e$ @5 x! `; T8 s: qave an informed conscience that will torment you if you abandon these people w
% k/ H- r0 B1 B. t& ~$ u" nhose lives you could change with very little effort. You have more than we had * p9 |- M; `* j* g. }" o) t
; you must start sooner, and carry on longer.
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在座的各位毕业的同学,你们所处的时代是一个神奇的时代。当你们离开哈佛的时候,你
5 f& F; S B+ x; d( a; W们拥有的技术,是我们那一届学生所没有的。你们已经了解到了世界上的不平等,我们那
/ V2 ?9 E. `* P9 o2 n" w& _时还不知道这些。有了这样的了解之后,要是你再弃那些你可以帮助的人们于不顾,就将 " T7 W% M. x `5 P3 @7 }6 j- ^
受到良心的谴责,只需一点小小的努力,你就可以改变那些人们的生活。你们比我们拥有
- e8 _9 Q. X7 J& r& P, B' i3 X更大的能力;你们必须尽早开始,尽可能长时期坚持下去。 : n6 n+ _, k" ]( r* K; X
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Knowing what you know, how could you not? / F9 @1 j" ^' c% d w, C# D) B
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知道了你们所知道的一切,你们怎么可能不采取行动呢?
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And I hope you will come back here to Harvard 30 years from now and reflect on
3 @0 F, Q* {( W0 bwhat you have done with your talent and your energy. I hope you will judge yo . ~7 Q8 `) m5 W& O% J
urselves not on your professional accomplishments alone, but also on how well
' |! ?; Y- J; B6 K# f1 Syou have addressed the world's deepest inequities … on how well you treated p 2 |# f, y" A, C: v" N9 d* J
eople a world away who have nothing in common with you but their humanity.
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我希望,30年后你们还会再回到哈佛,想起你们用自己的天赋和能力所做出的一切。我希
# Q2 u; Z- L+ r望,在那个时候,你们用来评价自己的标准,不仅仅是你们的专业成就,而包括你们为改
# ?! @" K0 ~0 {6 V) c变这个世界深刻的不平等所做出的努力,以及你们如何善待那些远隔千山万水、与你们毫
7 e2 C) }- Y3 x% l: @$ q- m" i' X不涉及的人们,你们与他们唯一的共同点就是同为人类。 |
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