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2008-11-02 01:02:11 来自: lightpie(上次登录还是1.5年前.....)
6 B% x8 c0 [+ B+ G& o( k+ A比尔·盖茨在哈佛大学毕业典礼上的演讲 / |3 O% X4 c; I, [* N0 r, m
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2007年6月7日 2 g% H! X, D, f
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阮一峰 译 ) q! p5 F8 |1 }0 M2 m
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# {6 M8 r5 L3 C8 j2 mPresident Bok, former President Rudenstine, incoming President Faust, members
' w8 h; o& @8 S0 Fof the Harvard Corporation and the Board of Overseers, members of the faculty, 7 `; |8 ~0 j: q) }+ Q3 o
parents, and especially, the graduates: 8 I9 K; j- i3 T% G# h6 V
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尊敬的Bok校长,Rudenstine前校长,即将上任的Faust校长,哈佛集团的各位成员,监管
2 F, m" l5 `4 W+ T8 X, D G! H# u理事会的各位理事,各位老师,各位家长,各位同学: 6 y3 a9 U4 C( c6 P- Z5 y$ h; ^
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I've been waiting more than 30 years to say this: "Dad, I always told you I'd ! E9 l, \& k- Y3 z2 c6 C6 U
come back and get my degree."
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有一句话我等了三十年,现在终于可以说了:“老爸,我总是跟你说,我会回来拿到我的
2 ~4 d U- Q5 M* D学位的!” ) W7 U( I3 m# i2 N3 K
: E( G+ x* }( N/ aI want to thank Harvard for this timely honor. I'll be changing my job next ye 6 U1 l% Y) y, x' v0 Y3 N G) S& w u
ar … and it will be nice to finally have a college degree on my resume. ( B- [# b4 Z: E) W
% E- a$ n2 m$ w+ a, n1 \我要感谢哈佛大学在这个时候给我这个荣誉。明年,我就要换工作了(注:指从微软公司
0 J5 F M. j9 t退休)……我终于可以在简历上写我有一个本科学位,这真是不错啊。 6 G& X8 J; I; g: |/ m
' U! O+ h* h2 v f2 y0 ?6 zI applaud the graduates today for taking a much more direct route to your degr
( _/ m% r5 b: q( d# U# d; Gees. For my part, I'm just happy that the Crimson has called me "Harvard's mos
. ~$ F {; N* j A8 Bt successful dropout." I guess that makes me valedictorian of my own special c
4 z/ ~+ Y/ \1 A/ {5 _! ylass … I did the best of everyone who failed. 1 N, ]& n, @ B2 \0 e* e" P
. T9 u, y9 m7 ]5 t我为今天在座的各位同学感到高兴,你们拿到学位可比我简单多了。哈佛的校报称我是“
6 f7 q0 b# L0 d& Q2 v5 V哈佛大学历史上最成功的辍学生”。我想这大概使我有资格代表我这一类学生发言……在 + h5 l+ ]) c+ @) b6 B: e& `9 ? L
所有的失败者里,我做得最好。
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But I also want to be recognized as the guy who got Steve Ballmer to drop out
/ u: B: s5 U9 F( Pof business school. I'm a bad influence. That's why I was invited to speak at
, w |6 g$ v) U4 X' G K/ tyour graduation. If I had spoken at your orientation, fewer of you might be he
; {3 W9 Q- Q9 k, fre today.
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6 P0 z/ u8 \% V8 }: e6 h但是,我还要提醒大家,我使得Steve Ballmer(注:微软总经理)也从哈佛商学院退学了 1 L1 I8 O( V! ^, i% v. v
。因此,我是个有着恶劣影响力的人。这就是为什么我被邀请来在你们的毕业典礼上演讲 $ v+ z! z8 G5 @6 `" C
。如果我在你们入学欢迎仪式上演讲,那么能够坚持到今天在这里毕业的人也许会少得多
4 N1 Z2 v' W+ X! X! q d吧。 $ s2 L; g8 c( b* B/ A3 a6 u4 S& Y
$ k' K/ d( \2 pHarvard was just a phenomenal experience for me. Academic life was fascinating 1 O. s8 q7 N: E3 H, X& r) L S. O
. I used to sit in on lots of classes I hadn't even signed up for. And dorm li
5 i! Z7 d. r3 |2 h0 b+ ife was terrific. I lived up at Radcliffe, in Currier House. There were always
% C9 f, X0 e1 j8 S1 Blots of people in my dorm room late at night discussing things, because everyo
6 X9 b+ u0 A' t+ r0 j9 A: M& I& `ne knew I didn't worry about getting up in the morning. That's how I came to b
( O1 S8 A- n$ y4 {$ _. l* O. [e the leader of the anti-social group. We clung to each other as a way of vali
. W; @' C- w0 U) L' V: a+ @& N" @# Hdating our rejection of all those social people.
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* L0 ~+ d1 c/ F0 H; L' I对我来说,哈佛的求学经历是一段非凡的经历。校园生活很有趣,我常去旁听我没选修的
- O6 K7 t' e6 O. S \课。哈佛的课外生活也很棒,我在Radcliffe过着逍遥自在的日子。每天我的寝室里总有很
* C1 t" [! l1 T多人一直待到半夜,讨论着各种事情。因为每个人都知道我从不考虑第二天早起。这使得 5 G9 o7 D" T' i) o/ @8 @
我变成了校园里那些不安分学生的头头,我们互相粘在一起,做出一种拒绝所有正常学生
}* z0 @$ s# [7 t& h的姿态。 $ r. _0 a1 O) U
* W0 E- H+ O5 F, ^# sRadcliffe was a great place to live. There were more women up there, and most
' q# m8 D3 Z- K' M' k" b# E5 f3 kof the guys were science-math types. That combination offered me the best odds : r0 Y1 i6 q2 Z6 D/ V8 w8 o
, if you know what I mean. This is where I learned the sad lesson that improvi
! o f1 B+ g! Eng your odds doesn't guarantee success. & a+ p( S2 E8 }" p0 Z' C: c
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Radcliffe是个过日子的好地方。那里的女生比男生多,而且大多数男生都是理工科的。这 8 d$ _+ z4 i9 T" L
种状况为我创造了最好的机会,如果你们明白我的意思。可惜的是,我正是在这里学到了
2 p6 P# S8 _- w1 \ [1 O$ S人生中悲伤的一课:机会大,并不等于你就会成功。 ) i: s0 a' e- z. o8 W ]3 q b
& E ^3 T6 r8 aOne of my biggest memories of Harvard came in January 1975, when I made a call
- G; S; Z. r. u( ~% |: U* ufrom Currier House to a company in Albuquerque that had begun making the worl
* }% H3 \6 ^7 K6 V8 od's first personal computers. I offered to sell them software. . _3 f" h( d# {' c0 S- b. \
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我在哈佛最难忘的回忆之一,发生在1975年1月。那时,我从宿舍楼里给位于Albuquerque
/ Q# b- |+ w: z! ?. y5 {7 q$ r的一家公司打了一个电话,那家公司已经在着手制造世界上第一台个人电脑。我提出想向 . }6 I. N; a2 _( f: {
他们出售软件。
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9 K8 y7 m& _' n& p1 @+ HI worried that they would realize I was just a student in a dorm and hang up o # L- k5 g. v; m1 F
n me. Instead they said: "We're not quite ready, come see us in a month," whic 3 Z N; S9 K* l' {1 ~, }! ~2 R
h was a good thing, because we hadn't written the software yet. From that mome _/ F E! z7 V7 E% F7 t0 @% W
nt, I worked day and night on this little extra credit project that marked the
, t3 L: n4 d/ L" k h( L T ]& k( A% ~end of my college education and the beginning of a remarkable journey with Mi
9 y0 X5 f2 ?+ [: a S, |# y4 fcrosoft.
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我很担心,他们会发觉我是一个住在宿舍的学生,从而挂断电话。但是他们却说:“我们
1 S+ w1 Y6 W7 ^9 ^还没准备好,一个月后你再来找我们吧。”这是个好消息,因为那时软件还根本没有写出
' `( j. T7 b9 }; @2 _: k# h$ x4 K4 ^" ?来呢。就是从那个时候起,我日以继夜地在这个小小的课外项目上工作,这导致了我学生 5 w5 S4 E) b1 j6 W. i
生活的结束,以及通往微软公司的不平凡的旅程的开始。
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What I remember above all about Harvard was being in the midst of so much ener
6 t( }, x7 V4 ]* x+ R0 hgy and intelligence. It could be exhilarating, intimidating, sometimes even di $ X ~0 g; {. q4 O% I+ p3 V$ [
scouraging, but always challenging. It was an amazing privilege – and though
6 ~' Z7 m8 h& ]8 u# @I left early, I was transformed by my years at Harvard, the friendships I made 3 b* ^" [& f" O
, and the ideas I worked on. " b0 d I$ t$ ^$ _" d) T1 l
" J+ `1 n& Y N2 u不管怎样,我对哈佛的回忆主要都与充沛的精力和智力活动有关。哈佛的生活令人愉快,
- n: V; f/ v; p/ Z @5 p& K也令人感到有压力,有时甚至会感到泄气,但永远充满了挑战性。生活在哈佛是一种吸引 ; O0 [9 k0 ?4 i: O% g9 ~9 N+ O Z4 e
人的特殊待遇……虽然我离开得比较早,但是我在这里的经历、在这里结识的朋友、在这
/ Y# t' L, B2 b0 Y2 s9 |里发展起来的一些想法,永远地改变了我。 9 s5 {4 v* Z; M+ u
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But taking a serious look back … I do have one big regret.
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但是,如果现在严肃地回忆起来,我确实有一个真正的遗憾。
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; s2 K( l" O; ?3 eI left Harvard with no real awareness of the awful inequities in the world – % o+ z: e! I7 u0 J/ {6 q( T
the appalling disparities of health, and wealth, and opportunity that condemn 1 u9 p( \! f7 H$ u! A, }
millions of people to lives of despair. 5 P( r* i% v) ]8 H n+ N4 B9 `& E
H7 Y- H" D! V0 |我离开哈佛的时候,根本没有意识到这个世界是多么的不平等。人类在健康、财富和机遇
; Y, h% M3 s5 L上的不平等大得可怕,它们使得无数的人们被迫生活在绝望之中。 ( R% d. ?/ e% _; X! k
2 H" ~" U- M3 _$ u& XI learned a lot here at Harvard about new ideas in economics and politics. I g 2 W' m% s. Y% @9 V3 {1 |7 N3 K* M8 U
ot great exposure to the advances being made in the sciences.
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我在哈佛学到了很多经济学和政治学的新思想。我也了解了很多科学上的新进展。 0 A# C1 D! z) R8 O% ?
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But humanity's greatest advances are not in its discoveries – but in how thos
$ s3 ]' ]! i! e$ k! p7 Ge discoveries are applied to reduce inequity. Whether through democracy, stron # j! Q& i6 y: ]$ W( E
g public education, quality health care, or broad economic opportunity – redu
. A/ f, d: I2 D1 ?, i* Tcing inequity is the highest human achievement.
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但是,人类最大的进步并不来自于这些发现,而是来自于那些有助于减少人类不平等的发
+ a3 k3 r+ E1 n" q现。不管通过何种手段——民主制度、健全的公共教育体系、高质量的医疗保健、还是广 8 |. c9 j2 w$ E
泛的经济机会——减少不平等始终是人类最大的成就。
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1 v1 r2 P% |; L- p1 Q% ~' z KI left campus knowing little about the millions of young people cheated out of 1 ^9 K& J- Z9 O* R
educational opportunities here in this country. And I knew nothing about the
* X" h @+ A5 E x7 L, t7 z/ tmillions of people living in unspeakable poverty and disease in developing cou - y( V' K q5 @8 p' m
ntries. ( Z0 B+ P: y; i. ]3 z3 u$ z
6 k: h$ Y3 D* J5 A9 _我离开校园的时候,根本不知道在这个国家里,有几百万的年轻人无法获得接受教育的机
^/ F; i e- t2 R会。我也不知道,发展中国家里有无数的人们生活在无法形容的贫穷和疾病之中。
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3 R/ C, C& T/ a8 D+ f1 j: JIt took me decades to find out. 3 F: f3 s9 t! m t3 n1 m
: O7 t/ I: P$ s/ @7 i0 G8 s; r我花了几十年才明白了这些事情。
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You graduates came to Harvard at a different time. You know more about the wor
" j3 s' _! m. ~: N4 T+ g+ S" Hld's inequities than the classes that came before. In your years here, I hope % R3 Z( Q, E# {) j
you've had a chance to think about how – in this age of accelerating technolo ! e1 g. I) C5 x+ G. s
gy – we can finally take on these inequities, and we can solve them. 5 g% x# j/ j- ^8 c
; Y- _" s, i/ `1 V. b0 z在座的各位同学,你们是在与我不同的时代来到哈佛的。你们比以前的学生,更多地了解
4 U u# b& }, r世界是怎样的不平等。在你们的哈佛求学过程中,我希望你们已经思考过一个问题,那就
9 S8 q; k1 h b; e6 k是在这个新技术加速发展的时代,我们怎样最终应对这种不平等,以及我们怎样来解决这
& P" |' B+ p( R, O! }0 O+ E& T个问题。 ' ~1 G7 f2 m* J0 a) `
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Imagine, just for the sake of discussion, that you had a few hours a week and . _8 Q" s. U$ a4 u3 S* X" e
a few dollars a month to donate to a cause – and you wanted to spend that tim $ s$ j- k/ b2 u1 r
e and money where it would have the greatest impact in saving and improving li
" u' @1 B0 o) Qves. Where would you spend it? 9 V; a# L; z! T# r5 J
# s" V. `; g4 h& q# a6 [为了讨论的方便,请想象一下,假如你每个星期可以捐献一些时间、每个月可以捐献一些 ( p' e' Q, m/ o* I( D. h( z" B
钱——你希望这些时间和金钱,可以用到对拯救生命和改善人类生活有最大作用的地方。
; w. i, ^) G) K+ _+ x/ f你会选择什么地方?
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% {0 ^$ K; H5 L: VFor Melinda and for me, the challenge is the same: how can we do the most good
, h! ?8 b+ \: j# Z4 W' afor the greatest number with the resources we have.
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对Melinda(注:盖茨的妻子)和我来说,这也是我们面临的问题:我们如何能将我们拥有
. ~1 d1 o& G a/ d7 W的资源发挥出最大的作用。 & Q7 e" f! v( A
2 M5 J) n& W# j# a, Z% t4 z YDuring our discussions on this question, Melinda and I read an article about t 3 v4 J$ M) E, [& J7 l5 p2 N0 X5 x
he millions of children who were dying every year in poor countries from disea ' t0 L9 E" u+ k: A4 E6 o' Y1 u1 _
ses that we had long ago made harmless in this country. Measles, malaria, pneu 5 I$ q8 R1 m8 X2 P
monia, hepatitis B, yellow fever. One disease I had never even heard of, rotav * V. k6 X( {7 e
irus, was killing half a million kids each year – none of them in the United
: I1 f8 K6 c, I v+ fStates. 4 \" I; N5 i) Z0 S
$ y3 ~( a) H+ Y n在讨论过程中,Melinda和我读到了一篇文章,里面说在那些贫穷的国家,每年有数百万的 / i; Y* O& w& |& b1 w
儿童死于那些在美国早已不成问题的疾病。麻疹、疟疾、肺炎、乙型肝炎、黄热病、还有
1 v2 G: y! a/ B0 S: ^一种以前我从未听说过的轮状病毒,这些疾病每年导致50万儿童死亡,但是在美国一例死
) H0 m8 j* [4 N' V1 j; I [亡病例也没有。
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9 S/ ~/ I4 g# h7 G1 K' J8 h* yWe were shocked. We had just assumed that if millions of children were dying a
" {; E9 k3 Y1 u) ]! qnd they could be saved, the world would make it a priority to discover and del - ?9 y6 k6 W/ F. J; [
iver the medicines to save them. But it did not. For under a dollar, there wer
6 _) Y7 p, v& ^7 n. L. u3 De interventions that could save lives that just weren't being delivered. ) k9 l4 ~7 b- d' P* l% k
' z# n3 \8 w( f! ^7 j) P我们被震惊了。我们想,如果几百万儿童正在死亡线上挣扎,而且他们是可以被挽救的, ( Q8 ~* z9 @0 T5 _
那么世界理应将用药物拯救他们作为头等大事。但是事实并非如此。那些价格还不到一美 3 R j M$ u# o8 y/ A
元的救命的药剂,并没有送到他们的手中。
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If you believe that every life has equal value, it's revolting to learn that s
: y. r6 z! g: f oome lives are seen as worth saving and others are not. We said to ourselves: " 3 L- O. ^" l7 ^ }$ m
This can't be true. But if it is true, it deserves to be the priority of our g " I8 M% I( a9 h C
iving." ' O1 ?( E6 C2 Y1 T8 Q8 x4 q2 H
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如果你相信每个生命都是平等的,那么当你发现某些生命被挽救了,而另一些生命被放弃 * I5 j$ q7 V( {: s1 @5 Q
了,你会感到无法接受。我们对自己说:“事情不可能如此。如果这是真的,那么它理应
5 f" e* Y6 r" \是我们努力的头等大事。”
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So we began our work in the same way anyone here would begin it. We asked: "Ho 1 H6 A- h Z5 E
w could the world let these children die?" . r R/ L& w( Q4 P" l4 Q
( B/ G+ v7 m$ Z所以,我们用任何人都会想到的方式开始工作。我们问:“这个世界怎么可以眼睁睁看着 9 V+ X# J" g. C7 x! E. A
这些孩子死去?”
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" b8 b5 }7 p( c% jThe answer is simple, and harsh. The market did not reward saving the lives of
3 Y0 @0 T6 _2 A& u. h- _these children, and governments did not subsidize it. So the children died be - E; T1 w; ], ]; J
cause their mothers and their fathers had no power in the market and no voice
. m0 i! H- g( ]8 Oin the system.
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; u/ `( j& ^9 Z( O4 V; G答案很简单,也很令人难堪。在市场经济中,拯救儿童是一项没有利润的工作,政府也不 $ O1 ?5 i5 Z2 Z
会提供补助。这些儿童之所以会死亡,是因为他们的父母在经济上没有实力,在政治上没
2 ]. f. A5 r/ |有能力发出声音。 . \! _7 o$ U/ r9 U( M9 E6 \. I: w6 D
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But you and I have both. 9 m4 Q. |6 e; R$ b2 x
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但是,你们和我在经济上有实力,在政治上能够发出声音。 y% P: _" W% L$ @9 l
5 c. k/ y& A8 r' `% EWe can make market forces work better for the poor if we can develop a more cr
9 B# f9 {9 c* }0 m V) Keative capitalism – if we can stretch the reach of market forces so that more + H7 Q n% @; `1 |0 ]) W" j
people can make a profit, or at least make a living, serving people who are s 3 F" B5 c# S+ Q
uffering from the worst inequities. We also can press governments around the w
# G+ f8 T& W2 x3 D! lorld to spend taxpayer money in ways that better reflect the values of the peo
5 z j4 V1 \, x, V' h# Yple who pay the taxes.
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我们可以让市场更好地为穷人服务,如果我们能够设计出一种更有创新性的资本主义制度 p6 _. r/ x/ t5 c. n6 T' W% a- K% I
——如果我们可以改变市场,让更多的人可以获得利润,或者至少可以维持生活——那么 # p+ ?! o/ C3 O2 G( P' C' S
,这就可以帮到那些正在极端不平等的状况中受苦的人们。我们还可以向全世界的政府施 3 W( \% i7 }- Y& d+ c" V4 ~' s, I( u
压,要求他们将纳税人的钱,花到更符合纳税人价值观的地方。 , h& ~- U: w" f* j+ q l: O! O9 I
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If we can find approaches that meet the needs of the poor in ways that generat
# c$ L/ A$ y4 A6 Pe profits for business and votes for politicians, we will have found a sustain
, U Y' R7 ?$ a+ [, q' e- Iable way to reduce inequity in the world. This task is open-ended. It can neve . H0 W6 k0 [" J# ^7 b$ |- x
r be finished. But a conscious effort to answer this challenge will change the
0 T7 n l' D. i+ J% |0 h' Lworld. , l( Z# C+ Z% J4 d+ {* R7 q: w
! }- c8 y2 i8 ^6 y( E4 w& e如果我们能够找到这样一种方法,既可以帮到穷人,又可以为商人带来利润,为政治家带 1 N5 y% D5 Y, h! u$ s3 g4 U Y
来选票,那么我们就找到了一种减少世界性不平等的可持续的发展道路。这个任务是无限
) q* a$ j W9 R$ g的。它不可能被完全完成,但是任何自觉地解决这个问题的尝试,都将会改变这个世界。
$ d. q# U- I4 c" @( b7 p
9 A+ p; F D @. b& j$ O H$ ?, B j. }2 J/ o; t: Z g
I am optimistic that we can do this, but I talk to skeptics who claim there is ) w4 \1 i3 v. X6 A: J- h
no hope. They say: "Inequity has been with us since the beginning, and will b
5 @+ C' Q/ |- G7 Y/ b7 Ee with us till the end – because people just … don't … care." I completely
2 K2 ?+ V5 y9 J4 r) G2 [disagree. # _0 M& i- @# t& g* ~ E* G. ~. m+ X2 A
: k: J X* s* l3 T8 u% }
在这个问题上,我是乐观的。但是,我也遇到过那些感到绝望的怀疑主义者。他们说:“ 3 g- ~& D: f/ t* l" A5 i" e
不平等从人类诞生的第一天就存在,到人类灭亡的最后一天也将存在。——因为人类对这
& E! a- N* j+ g. X" `/ x4 r个问题根本不在乎。”我完全不能同意这种观点。 ' I0 f8 G# ^& E' j% q# M
- Y* ]: s% L, I1 J+ L8 n4 II believe we have more caring than we know what to do with.
: W5 P2 ~# Q! v
/ R' D% M+ B. |9 f我相信,问题不是我们不在乎,而是我们不知道怎么做。 3 a) q# Y9 T- F7 c% Y9 v
$ Q9 G# B U/ t3 gAll of us here in this Yard, at one time or another, have seen human tragedies + Y5 ?1 H6 `8 M( W9 \
that broke our hearts, and yet we did nothing – not because we didn't care,
7 @- \, G( H: h% ubut because we didn't know what to do. If we had known how to help, we would h
G% `' N8 G! r7 aave acted. # l1 v7 R5 @+ d8 t7 b; J
2 T1 d! E+ B" @- c; s8 ]此刻在这个院子里的所有人,生命中总有这样或那样的时刻,目睹人类的悲剧,感到万分
9 }1 u" n- R6 h5 {5 l伤心。但是我们什么也没做,并非我们无动于衷,而是因为我们不知道做什么和怎么做。 / V3 N& {# a6 G+ L3 |4 N( j
如果我们知道如何做是有效的,那么我们就会采取行动。
9 I" R. {0 U3 T/ k' n( T' Z3 d. c* I
The barrier to change is not too little caring; it is too much complexity. % }1 b1 {7 y8 g1 H; c: r( h( V! b
6 O3 Z* p# z4 S
改变世界的阻碍,并非人类的冷漠,而是世界实在太复杂。
0 y: z* }9 w1 h; ]0 h$ Q+ c U, W i$ _: S
To turn caring into action, we need to see a problem, see a solution, and see % B% i! P' ^9 i1 u# T* s6 a
the impact. But complexity blocks all three steps.
0 S. G; M0 L* H, E- [% l) S% a( y' N
为了将关心转变为行动,我们需要找到问题,发现解决办法的方法,评估后果。但是世界 % z9 y7 f1 f' ]3 X% ~. P# ~
的复杂性使得所有这些步骤都难于做到。
8 v: Q6 v( v* d2 a! r$ E1 o/ h/ [5 `0 }' ^
Even with the advent of the Internet and 24-hour news, it is still a complex e
* X' M1 T9 Q+ u8 xnterprise to get people to truly see the problems. When an airplane crashes, o * c3 I6 c6 b% J% z
fficials immediately call a press conference. They promise to investigate, det
# u# C$ J. P) w7 m- Lermine the cause, and prevent similar crashes in the future.
" ]6 T' r6 c/ I3 j$ z& D, ~+ v3 u3 S& y: j2 T4 k$ [
即使有了互联网和24小时直播的新闻台,让人们真正发现问题所在,仍然十分困难。当一
; q& \" I" X# s% w架飞机坠毁了,官员们会立刻召开新闻发布会,他们承诺进行调查、找到原因、防止将来 ! u: v: ?! Q: Z
再次发生类似事故。
& s' ?: @8 T" u8 f5 d( |; Z7 W
/ C% b8 d1 O+ N4 A/ lBut if the officials were brutally honest, they would say: "Of all the people 8 V; h; D0 S! \' m; p4 ?9 [ ~
in the world who died today from preventable causes, one half of one percent o
+ G) I1 X6 d/ g7 ^f them were on this plane. We're determined to do everything possible to solve . z2 m! T6 S1 s; t
the problem that took the lives of the one half of one percent." 3 f) H0 h9 \, V9 M
$ K6 P' b/ y5 ~1 o5 V2 b& H9 A
但是如果那些官员敢说真话,他们就会说:“在今天这一天,全世界所有可以避免的死亡 1 K. V5 ^5 I. _. Y4 D
之中,只有0.5%的死者来自于这次空难。我们决心尽一切努力,调查这个0.5%的死亡原因 + C/ a+ x1 \$ H% D+ w: P
。” & ?1 e# e9 M/ E. o
/ r* b6 D3 @3 \# WThe bigger problem is not the plane crash, but the millions of preventable dea
z( ~, H" x# oths.
# L$ I$ C) h, R i9 e
6 j; s/ x8 A7 `. t' w) f- Z显然,更重要的问题不是这次空难,而是其他几百万可以预防的死亡事件。
U( U% M4 `, x) ^
# A8 A( J1 P( ~$ dWe don't read much about these deaths. The media covers what's new – and mill ! [0 s: l- O3 E5 W# w+ j
ions of people dying is nothing new. So it stays in the background, where it's
4 y" @: Y- ?1 p% n! N- w* oeasier to ignore. But even when we do see it or read about it, it's difficult , a# ]' G, A( k) C3 {, U
to keep our eyes on the problem. It's hard to look at suffering if the situat
5 D8 F# e/ E0 p, n' @; oion is so complex that we don't know how to help. And so we look away. # _, v; |% E' X2 L0 S+ Z5 s
- k. T& g: _7 I! q我们并没有很多机会了解那些死亡事件。媒体总是报告新闻,几百万人将要死去并非新闻 ; L: B8 K( B( E R o* W% {
。如果没有人报道,那么这些事件就很容易被忽视。另一方面,即使我们确实目睹了事件 4 N" u% y: x; @$ {- Y2 `
本身或者看到了相关报道,我们也很难持续关注这些事件。看着他人受苦是令人痛苦的,
8 z/ l+ o( A4 r6 x何况问题又如此复杂,我们根本不知道如何去帮助他人。所以我们会将脸转过去。 ; @/ m T' B, \8 l4 V2 G! w
0 ]* b" ?& k8 r s- {+ l
If we can really see a problem, which is the first step, we come to the second 7 T' Y, W D1 H1 @
step: cutting through the complexity to find a solution.
) P) J& U' t" s+ e5 B
n* K) z% ~0 m$ b8 U% y3 s6 g就算我们真正发现了问题所在,也不过是迈出了第一步,接着还有第二步:那就是从复杂
6 L; {% I p% W* }的事件中找到解决办法。
; U- X' i7 I+ w+ a$ C& A
" s7 m( G% n& I2 P" BFinding solutions is essential if we want to make the most of our caring. If w
, o3 e3 B+ m0 F$ Ye have clear and proven answers anytime an organization or individual asks "Ho
8 l2 ^% ~ s' }w can I help?," then we can get action – and we can make sure that none of th
) S- M+ o' T- W8 N, k6 [/ b* Re caring in the world is wasted. But complexity makes it hard to mark a path o ) b7 Q$ w3 Z6 {: u# s$ {+ W
f action for everyone who cares — and that makes it hard for their caring to # e8 }: B y3 x6 N
matter.
9 _' I" p6 {! {5 X% V# [1 W- d1 N+ ]6 ]7 b5 c
如果我们要让关心落到实处,我们就必须找到解决办法。如果我们有一个清晰的和可靠的
% c! J% H% Z( S. z答案,那么当任何组织和个人发出疑问“如何我能提供帮助”的时候,我们就能采取行动 " j0 ?& E: T2 U9 t4 t
。我们就能够保证不浪费一丁点全世界人类对他人的关心。但是,世界的复杂性使得很难
/ H$ s( u( Z2 v/ E$ C8 v m找到对全世界每一个有爱心的人都有效的行动方法,因此人类对他人的关心往往很难产生
9 {2 n3 L5 b2 _1 D4 r7 D实际效果。 0 t, G2 C2 W6 ^& v9 ]7 a9 j2 D
5 I" Y5 g+ `* y. T+ bCutting through complexity to find a solution runs through four predictable st : @8 [3 Q: D, \
ages: determine a goal, find the highest-leverage approach, discover the ideal ! E2 B" v. `& n _
technology for that approach, and in the meantime, make the smartest applicat 2 R& G! D; {$ `3 h, T
ion of the technology that you already have — whether it's something sophisti
" s6 L/ y1 i( T; ~* V0 _7 L# l& Pcated, like a drug, or something simpler, like a bednet. ) Z9 O; m; x# t7 Q/ ^7 Y/ y- q# S; v
& \) y& e% l8 r2 S }从这个复杂的世界中找到解决办法,可以分为四个步骤:确定目标,找到最高效的方法,
; e( E# l# H7 V7 u2 K发现适用于这个方法的新技术,同时最聪明地利用现有的技术,不管它是复杂的药物,还 2 S! [/ L1 J. N: j# o
是最简单的蚊帐。 3 E' C; M1 ? t+ t) _: D* M8 s
; y1 ^0 N6 x2 M( b4 h8 rThe AIDS epidemic offers an example. The broad goal, of course, is to end the . A( j3 P O* p+ s
disease. The highest-leverage approach is prevention. The ideal technology wou ( ?- ]0 I! |# m
ld be a vaccine that gives lifetime immunity with a single dose. So government
3 k& K2 r* ~" S: `- vs, drug companies, and foundations fund vaccine research. But their work is li
& c; e. T$ `, l5 lkely to take more than a decade, so in the meantime, we have to work with what ! ?& V& _" B, j8 q' L! x! m
we have in hand – and the best prevention approach we have now is getting pe
3 ~4 X* ~% M: h. Q7 C" z* pople to avoid risky behavior. 4 j8 e% N" s# I1 ?& F# `$ n
( }/ |+ j4 `9 `! D! T) v艾滋病就是一个例子。总的目标,毫无疑问是消灭这种疾病。最高效的方法是预防。最理
0 r' q0 o0 Y6 _4 ]0 \9 y想的技术是发明一种疫苗,只要注射一次,就可以终生免疫。所以,政府、制药公司、基
6 y/ M8 X0 @( V5 g/ p: w金会应该资助疫苗研究。但是,这样研究工作很可能十年之内都无法完成。因此,与此同 ! `) B! l. N8 _* h, h- e
时,我们必须使用现有的技术,目前最有效的预防方法就是设法让人们避免那些危险的行 ' }! ` j) H b3 {4 v0 F. k- i
为。
. `8 r9 @7 t, o, ^1 M1 Z9 e* A: [2 x
Pursuing that goal starts the four-step cycle again. This is the pattern. The
4 M! n% L; ]% V7 i' l2 _crucial thing is to never stop thinking and working – and never do what we di
7 c4 Q2 B" L9 V3 Ld with malaria and tuberculosis in the 20th century – which is to surrender t
$ e% ?8 j; \5 p- r% Oo complexity and quit.
0 F; X, I7 g6 A |% q. T! \* y5 X; Q" w9 K
要实现这个新的目标,又可以采用新的四步循环。这是一种模式。关键的东西是永远不要 % _4 ?9 C- ~% t
停止思考和行动。我们千万不能再犯上个世纪在疟疾和肺结核上犯过的错误,那时我们因
: [+ D4 L+ O/ x; s$ D为它们太复杂,而放弃了采取行动。
' v' Z9 a3 f# g+ N
- M: B$ C: S" OThe final step – after seeing the problem and finding an approach – is to me
' J9 u/ I S; `asure the impact of your work and share your successes and failures so that ot
( L _: x" s( M }0 ~4 u1 V8 h$ fhers learn from your efforts. * n% ^) B% Y6 n. X1 `" i0 {- V
4 D5 C* T. } `# N
在发现问题和找到解决方法之后,就是最后一步——评估工作结果,将你的成功经验或者 ( I6 P) J" G# q3 A
失败经验传播出去,这样其他人就可以从你的努力中有所收获。 7 I% |/ d' r& ~4 e6 a1 t3 }
0 ^2 p- Z; X/ a! bYou have to have the statistics, of course. You have to be able to show that a : n2 V5 w. M3 D" P# _
program is vaccinating millions more children. You have to be able to show a _1 C! e# z! y/ E+ O
decline in the number of children dying from these diseases. This is essential # O, d0 j9 |* D4 M- w* _5 v
not just to improve the program, but also to help draw more investment from b
4 ^7 a$ i, ~& ~5 ]# y, business and government.
: z7 v! [4 j4 y8 r2 a1 f" }. D% U r# y/ a- P% b+ S$ A$ p
当然,你必须有一些统计数字。你必须让他人知道,你的项目为几百万儿童新接种了疫苗
& o0 Q6 _0 }# q- F' n% y) k: \7 A。你也必须让他人知道,儿童死亡人数下降了多少。这些都是很关键的,不仅有利于改善 5 I: i- h. W9 {, E& d, Q5 z7 @' p
项目效果,也有利于从商界和政府得到更多的帮助。 1 Z8 ]2 j8 T, `$ i3 r8 p# N# \
" t9 S# e) p) I4 W; q
But if you want to inspire people to participate, you have to show more than n 0 q$ M* M: e9 B+ Y& H
umbers; you have to convey the human impact of the work – so people can feel
; g1 Y6 Z* \% \8 lwhat saving a life means to the families affected.
9 b0 }5 E; l* o4 `3 s' Q' Z& X+ M
9 y" x. X; t& `$ S% s但是,这些还不够,如果你想激励其他人参加你的项目,你就必须拿出更多的统计数字;
* ]+ V! t7 y; ]你必须展示你的项目的人性因素,这样其他人就会感到拯救一个生命,对那些处在困境中 3 @# f! A9 c8 i) l1 O4 d: X0 z6 j& j" A
的家庭到底意味着什么。 , D" @$ _3 W5 } |
0 F- ]1 U2 @' f9 o/ R uI remember going to Davos some years back and sitting on a global health panel 9 ]# }0 q4 ]0 ]5 M' Y( n& x1 ~" @
that was discussing ways to save millions of lives. Millions! Think of the th " b+ d# `! V; W$ {/ e
rill of saving just one person's life – then multiply that by millions. … Ye
4 N: a& m$ A4 Y% u A" d3 st this was the most boring panel I've ever been on – ever. So boring even I c & r& z$ Y0 T- p- j# K
ouldn't bear it.
* [* i5 |3 Q( \+ h4 g8 G
1 T0 `4 k% J+ b几年前,我去瑞士达沃斯旁听一个全球健康问题论坛,会议的内容有关于如何拯救几百万 # ^: s$ {6 U9 [6 v0 n# C/ d: N
条生命。天哪,是几百万!想一想吧,拯救一个人的生命已经让人何等激动,现在你要把
2 {% }% g0 e O2 ^# N这种激动再乘上几百万倍……但是,不幸的是,这是我参加过的最最乏味的论坛,乏味到
* P, x+ F5 P$ x$ O+ {$ o我无法强迫自己听下去。
1 U c& [. B% e% I; Y% O+ s' r% h$ D7 e3 B+ H
What made that experience especially striking was that I had just come from an 9 j' V! I, p$ g1 M
event where we were introducing version 13 of some piece of software, and we 5 _3 \' r" \8 }# w
had people jumping and shouting with excitement. I love getting people excited
& j- p( Q4 ~& @) [) R% @3 E: Uabout software – but why can't we generate even more excitement for saving l
& }) ?2 _# O6 [& t0 g( c( W+ @5 Nives?
' c- O6 c h2 d/ h3 W+ l2 e$ Q( u8 q5 d* Y9 F7 q
那次经历之所以让我难忘,是因为之前我们刚刚发布了一个软件的第13个版本,我们让观
, n+ @( I2 M3 r8 z) ^众激动得跳了起来,喊出了声。我喜欢人们因为软件而感到激动,那么我们为什么不能够 ( ?1 c2 ]$ _: J5 Y# l
让人们因为能够拯救生命而感到更加激动呢? 4 D; x$ O& n8 Z% `
2 I/ C/ R, Y, a
You can't get people excited unless you can help them see and feel the impact.
0 h0 Z! a1 T/ @1 W) j! e/ h0 XAnd how you do that – is a complex question.
8 h U k; Y/ l6 \" V
" B+ v, ]+ k8 R- Z% s6 o% L除非你能够让人们看到或者感受到行动的影响力,否则你无法让人们激动。如何做到这一
3 V; l" j- \9 {9 a点,并不是一件简单的事。 5 ~- `6 K3 n( z) Y" \
X/ l- g6 o1 \% W/ M5 \
Still, I'm optimistic. Yes, inequity has been with us forever, but the new too , e! C7 e4 z3 y7 q
ls we have to cut through complexity have not been with us forever. They are n
( [' u- T; N7 |0 E. oew – they can help us make the most of our caring – and that's why the futur 6 O" h- ]6 v5 G4 T
e can be different from the past. & `' d5 d: C8 E5 s+ t$ c( |
9 }$ R+ W8 q3 O; I9 Y同前面一样,在这个问题上,我依然是乐观的。不错,人类的不平等有史以来一直存在, . s: y- q6 k" p9 Z
但是那些能够化繁为简的新工具,却是最近才出现的。这些新工具可以帮助我们,将人类
9 l+ z; P' l; [' j+ a. d的同情心发挥最大的作用,这就是为什么将来同过去是不一样的。 ' u3 S- M z9 N
5 O- U5 N) A& W& \
The defining and ongoing innovations of this age – biotechnology, the compute
2 O& Z8 x/ ]0 t8 T( X7 ?r, the Internet – give us a chance we've never had before to end extreme pove
5 r$ j; t) Q" V8 \ g* v, t* v& W$ J! \7 Srty and end death from preventable disease.
2 j; l; V+ b2 n% {
+ I+ ~3 g0 [" c( O这个时代无时无刻不在涌现出新的革新——生物技术,计算机,互联网——它们给了我们
. t; {- u' \- k9 e2 o9 ~7 C& D一个从未有过的机会,去终结那些极端的贫穷和非恶性疾病的死亡。 ; f- G; R2 J8 c' @" ~
- o% v" |& Y; T5 y0 _2 f
Sixty years ago, George Marshall came to this commencement and announced a pla " Y% S2 A6 K4 O9 m+ m2 J# X* ?
n to assist the nations of post-war Europe. He said: "I think one difficulty i
8 F0 t5 @5 | B# f' ?3 |s that the problem is one of such enormous complexity that the very mass of fa
, b2 y. M) r) ~1 y; x) Q6 [8 W qcts presented to the public by press and radio make it exceedingly difficult f " ]1 [- G( c, m& o/ u
or the man in the street to reach a clear appraisement of the situation. It is
% a( K# |% M) ?1 z Tvirtually impossible at this distance to grasp at all the real significance o ) m6 q( \7 j6 U1 B) z& _9 \* [- ]4 u
f the situation."
# P- j) M) H6 E1 @# G: Z% I
/ h7 ]! @7 g% W7 G2 q六十年前,乔治·马歇尔也是在这个地方的毕业典礼上,宣布了一个计划,帮助那些欧洲 ! J! ?7 x- R# K$ R' B" m" B
国家的战后建设。他说:“我认为,困难的一点是这个问题太复杂,报纸和电台向公众源
' O3 W8 I7 U8 k( y( e9 o源不断地提供各种事实,使得大街上的普通人极端难于清晰地判断形势。事实上,经过层 ' K: r+ W# q) j4 r
层传播,想要真正地把握形势,是根本不可能的。”
4 p' l3 j. v" O& t, V' T/ w* @. e/ t) g$ z7 v4 w, K
Thirty years after Marshall made his address, as my class graduated without me
+ }4 u. w7 j. Z, M0 x, \, technology was emerging that would make the world smaller, more open, more v " H9 A2 ]/ [: q% R
isible, less distant. + ~- r; z. A) u0 ]
2 y0 a4 e. y. l; e& i) H& ]
马歇尔发表这个演讲之后的三十年,我那一届学生毕业,当然我不在其中。那时,新技术 ) T1 p' ^' j( ^# ~: V! B' Q
刚刚开始萌芽,它们将使得这个世界变得更小、更开放、更容易看到、距离更近。
; u* ~1 n$ i( u. g; L
. J% C! `- d( a4 U& ~& x" MThe emergence of low-cost personal computers gave rise to a powerful network t
5 |/ H. S9 e9 vhat has transformed opportunities for learning and communicating. ! h5 F% o4 @; a; j
! r# M9 v0 `, {2 X- ~5 \6 E& {( ]低成本的个人电脑的出现,使得一个强大的互联网有机会诞生,它为学习和交流提供了巨
9 ^, X5 n$ Z n大的机会。
- R$ l7 B8 r9 b. J( [9 y9 {
. o9 K6 R5 g4 RThe magical thing about this network is not just that it collapses distance an : ?/ E/ r* ^9 P p, ?0 _0 [
d makes everyone your neighbor. It also dramatically increases the number of b % L5 V$ S* g9 R3 g
rilliant minds we can have working together on the same problem – and that sc
1 y$ a z/ ^9 }ales up the rate of innovation to a staggering degree. 8 d, P& W, i0 t$ {
7 S: T/ c: G* ?: @$ D) M
网络的神奇之处,不仅仅是它缩短了物理距离,使得天涯若比邻。它还极大地增加了怀有
$ T" o% f+ g/ [8 C/ _共同想法的人们聚集在一起的机会,我们可以为了解决同一个问题,一起共同工作。这就
1 @$ o' A4 N. ]! h; r4 Z大大加快了革新的进程,发展速度简直快得让人震惊。 * [3 [) S5 |8 R. x+ g, {) ^
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At the same time, for every person in the world who has access to this technol
% \; {1 Z; y" ?% |$ iogy, five people don't. That means many creative minds are left out of this di
$ r( f2 d. @5 S3 r/ yscussion -- smart people with practical intelligence and relevant experience w 8 ?6 k; W2 ^8 a/ K( H! K# _$ o$ J
ho don't have the technology to hone their talents or contribute their ideas t 0 C. ]2 L& I8 F# X2 U
o the world.
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与此同时,世界上有条件上网的人,只是全部人口的六分之一。这意味着,还有许多具有
7 O8 V- O8 A% I! R. m创造性的人们,没有加入到我们的讨论中来。那些有着实际的操作经验和相关经历的聪明
0 z3 ^5 u/ H0 ]3 i' v5 A; K人,却没有技术来帮助他们,将他们的天赋或者想法与全世界分享。
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We need as many people as possible to have access to this technology, because 9 J3 F: p' _5 s1 P/ o
these advances are triggering a revolution in what human beings can do for one ) U: K+ j$ b; c! q
another. They are making it possible not just for national governments, but f . z3 W! O0 o% {0 t* u' p B
or universities, corporations, smaller organizations, and even individuals to % F5 C$ |, E0 R& |. b/ X- ~& f5 v
see problems, see approaches, and measure the impact of their efforts to addre ; C1 P3 F8 N) u# h# _* ` m3 F
ss the hunger, poverty, and desperation George Marshall spoke of 60 years ago.
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我们需要尽可能地让更多的人有机会使用新技术,因为这些新技术正在引发一场革命,人
8 Y- c1 G |. r类将因此可以互相帮助。新技术正在创造一种可能,不仅是政府,还包括大学、公司、小
/ B1 g8 c) a1 M. ^& f机构、甚至个人,能够发现问题所在、能够找到解决办法、能够评估他们努力的效果,去 2 d3 A3 A2 }; r, _) s! A
改变那些马歇尔六十年前就说到过的问题——饥饿、贫穷和绝望。 8 D! E7 x. _3 n9 }% h1 L( n1 E5 Q, l
# _, n. y6 V& s: A; RMembers of the Harvard Family: Here in the Yard is one of the great collection
8 Y `$ Q& _) M; k0 v3 A& {s of intellectual talent in the world.
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哈佛是一个大家庭。这个院子里在场的人们,是全世界最有智力的人类群体之一。 0 N \) t; \1 u# o8 k
! v( l% D. r; `. M/ OWhat for? # z# l4 n# Q( i" m
# M: i' X+ O6 N# n0 y我们可以做些什么?
6 v: c& n" S" _( [5 n
& a. [: B$ Y ^There is no question that the faculty, the alumni, the students, and the benef
3 f. d3 i# ~% w) f$ l+ [9 i( @actors of Harvard have used their power to improve the lives of people here an * K% D& u2 Z4 v
d around the world. But can we do more? Can Harvard dedicate its intellect to
' [2 H, @9 ?1 q" A! Q! m( T$ pimproving the lives of people who will never even hear its name?
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毫无疑问,哈佛的老师、校友、学生和资助者,已经用他们的能力改善了全世界各地人们 $ `) @7 z: c& Z6 N$ _/ ^
的生活。但是,我们还能够再做什么呢?有没有可能,哈佛的人们可以将他们的智慧,用 , y- Q6 z" e" n9 U4 f* U) C- U9 i
来帮助那些甚至从来没有听到过“哈佛”这个名字的人?
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" K) |/ c3 g8 `: Y7 P, G2 [Let me make a request of the deans and the professors – the intellectual lead ) H! @% |% O- C% N, ~: v2 N. `# z
ers here at Harvard: As you hire new faculty, award tenure, review curriculum,
6 f8 p7 h7 N; v9 u. fand determine degree requirements, please ask yourselves:
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- e$ u$ c1 g+ y; ]" t( P% D* @请允许我向各位院长和教授,提出一个请求——你们是哈佛的智力领袖,当你们雇用新的 4 `' P4 x; t6 r3 a4 z2 o* B! ?
老师、授予终身教职、评估课程、决定学位颁发标准的时候,请问你们自己如下的问题:
* W2 D/ ^) U" A# @/ E+ @; G- |( b0 i) P' @' V; n- B" E$ B
9 D: t' S6 k& E- L+ p# X3 PShould our best minds be dedicated to solving our biggest problems?
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我们最优秀的人才是否在致力于解决我们最大的问题? ( M2 }) ?+ G% k+ E( y
" d5 s8 r9 x/ O9 _0 O2 r6 F3 _! YShould Harvard encourage its faculty to take on the world's worst inequities? ) D a5 l1 m9 P- s
Should Harvard students learn about the depth of global poverty … the prevale
2 j. v; @- ?% [2 Ince of world hunger … the scarcity of clean water …the girls kept out of sch ( t/ G) G/ h& Z! G
ool … the children who die from diseases we can cure? 0 E5 @' ]: Y6 P0 V1 x" j4 q# v4 F0 c
7 k7 J/ R& i$ m" @( Y哈佛是否鼓励她的老师去研究解决世界上最严重的不平等?哈佛的学生是否从全球那些极 0 v) }: `# H. q& g* ~
端的贫穷中学到了什么……世界性的饥荒……清洁的水资源的缺乏……无法上学的女童…
' [3 E( D. D1 o…死于非恶性疾病的儿童……哈佛的学生有没有从中学到东西?
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( j- V. U, M) }2 U) |/ A+ oShould the world's most privileged people learn about the lives of the world's
- y M5 r3 T3 G/ V4 K- R! E5 \least privileged?
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# U9 g% g" R; H+ v4 H) m# S& ]7 P4 F那些世界上过着最优越生活的人们,有没有从那些最困难的人们身上学到东西? - s; Z8 q9 ?6 Q# [0 y$ b
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These are not rhetorical questions – you will answer with your policies.
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5 y; @( ^+ a* q! \1 _这些问题并非语言上的修辞。你必须用自己的行动来回答它们。
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My mother, who was filled with pride the day I was admitted here – never stop 0 d' v+ ^3 X y$ d- U
ped pressing me to do more for others. A few days before my wedding, she hoste 8 m. P4 M4 u$ z
d a bridal event, at which she read aloud a letter about marriage that she had 2 }' U3 ^, f0 F) A2 D; N; R
written to Melinda. My mother was very ill with cancer at the time, but she s 6 x# O) Q* P/ h4 p5 F
aw one more opportunity to deliver her message, and at the close of the letter 0 U" w, y2 z$ h; t
she said: "From those to whom much is given, much is expected." 0 y7 \3 Y& Q' q5 n. u1 v
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我的母亲在我被哈佛大学录取的那一天,曾经感到非常骄傲。她从没有停止督促我,去为
/ o1 k) g0 l/ V3 X2 y/ U他人做更多的事情。在我结婚的前几天,她主持了一个新娘进我家的仪式。在这个仪式上
, K/ c# A2 d# B r7 A- X* J9 `,她高声朗读了一封关于婚姻的信,这是她写给Melinda的。那时,我的母亲已经因为癌症 ; L3 q6 n a6 Y+ p$ M3 W0 m
病入膏肓,但是她还是认为这是又一个传播她的信念的机会。在那封信的结尾,她写道: ! T/ M# a- y, }. M# g1 d, P( B$ p
“对于那些接受了许多帮助的人们,他们还在期待更多的帮助。你的能力越大,人们对你
2 i/ v3 @; N7 f. Q; F的期望也就越大。” 1 O" \: [1 I5 g& o5 _) _% F
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When you consider what those of us here in this Yard have been given – in tal
3 e1 u# i8 e* r/ k% @ent, privilege, and opportunity – there is almost no limit to what the world
9 M/ m$ @7 n: R+ k( h6 _/ T" c( Jhas a right to expect from us.
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想一想吧,我们在这个院子里的这些人,被给予过什么——天赋、特权、机遇——那么可
5 K, H+ e7 E% J5 U/ e以这样说,全世界的人们几乎有无限的权力,期待我们做出贡献。 e& l/ }4 f( e1 z
& X& b2 c; t* w. \& ]In line with the promise of this age, I want to exhort each of the graduates h , D( e' n0 O4 @! Z2 j6 D+ `: t& Y
ere to take on an issue – a complex problem, a deep inequity, and become a sp
* r. @. q+ K5 u: {; F5 ^ecialist on it. If you make it the focus of your career, that would be phenome , E& b& P" B+ d! _
nal. But you don't have to do that to make an impact. For a few hours every we
5 n: h! o( D# z0 q5 Uek, you can use the growing power of the Internet to get informed, find others 4 N5 m6 A8 L: {2 a4 J3 e, u$ l% X
with the same interests, see the barriers, and find ways to cut through them. 8 N1 P/ w6 z/ \0 P1 l
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同这个时代的期望一样,我也要向今天各位毕业的同学提出一个忠告:你们要选择一个问 ) j$ {# e+ O& u% _# ]4 x
题,一个复杂的问题,一个有关于人类深刻的不平等的问题,然后你们要变成这个问题的
. v, g0 d3 ?$ \0 g) ?专家。如果你们能够使得这个问题成为你们职业的核心,那么你们就会非常杰出。但是, ' f) k/ ], z" X* k5 O' j
你们不必一定要去做那些大事。每个星期只用几个小时,你就可以通过互联网得到信息, 5 ~. Q7 j9 }9 h* d1 d2 g; Y
找到志同道合的朋友,发现困难所在,找到解决它们的途径。 $ U8 d {2 m9 y$ {5 L
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Don't let complexity stop you. Be activists. Take on the big inequities. It wi
2 J! C1 D/ B5 e2 gll be one of the great experiences of your lives.
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0 A+ ^" u7 u) i( S6 N1 m0 v不要让这个世界的复杂性阻碍你前进。要成为一个行动主义者。将解决人类的不平等视为
4 Q# y" `+ [* \/ q% i" }4 ?$ ^己任。它将成为你生命中最重要的经历之一。
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* u) Z( [% f* s3 {8 h3 S9 s3 NYou graduates are coming of age in an amazing time. As you leave Harvard, you
- `0 ~' k0 H/ A: T) b8 Y- c7 |# Ghave technology that members of my class never had. You have awareness of glob
3 u2 ]7 j. W* I+ O8 \6 l6 `5 W% Z6 C; Bal inequity, which we did not have. And with that awareness, you likely also h 0 g4 r1 S2 _ `' }9 `2 y' X( L
ave an informed conscience that will torment you if you abandon these people w , x5 q3 h4 X8 G4 c% `0 R f
hose lives you could change with very little effort. You have more than we had 0 t% i3 t0 Z" Y6 p; a9 V. J
; you must start sooner, and carry on longer.
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在座的各位毕业的同学,你们所处的时代是一个神奇的时代。当你们离开哈佛的时候,你
& f2 f1 k0 g" ]8 F们拥有的技术,是我们那一届学生所没有的。你们已经了解到了世界上的不平等,我们那
8 Y- Q& P4 p( D9 r5 L1 U. ]时还不知道这些。有了这样的了解之后,要是你再弃那些你可以帮助的人们于不顾,就将 4 o- T1 u7 d: v" r8 l5 E4 ^
受到良心的谴责,只需一点小小的努力,你就可以改变那些人们的生活。你们比我们拥有
9 ^) [2 x, t x% }1 o8 q5 f/ \9 h更大的能力;你们必须尽早开始,尽可能长时期坚持下去。
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. v- E1 f/ y+ g5 X) p) `Knowing what you know, how could you not?
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知道了你们所知道的一切,你们怎么可能不采取行动呢? ( S" a Z) v( i/ k9 Y! I; C
# i5 L. I& ^4 V( @And I hope you will come back here to Harvard 30 years from now and reflect on 5 T( w6 w- B! ~! [1 a) W0 L
what you have done with your talent and your energy. I hope you will judge yo
8 l4 A1 q1 m6 E6 j0 murselves not on your professional accomplishments alone, but also on how well
$ J9 P4 _; z1 oyou have addressed the world's deepest inequities … on how well you treated p 3 U4 A0 o- M* S @& L
eople a world away who have nothing in common with you but their humanity. 3 d, B. y5 Q8 Y) v. X9 g
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我希望,30年后你们还会再回到哈佛,想起你们用自己的天赋和能力所做出的一切。我希
$ ~ n8 S" L# c t3 Z6 j# E望,在那个时候,你们用来评价自己的标准,不仅仅是你们的专业成就,而包括你们为改 9 j2 @- c0 ~% W# X/ e
变这个世界深刻的不平等所做出的努力,以及你们如何善待那些远隔千山万水、与你们毫
& c3 C! s" }( b; l6 V; m9 S6 ]不涉及的人们,你们与他们唯一的共同点就是同为人类。 |
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